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Dignidade
Artigo 5.o- Proibição da escravidão e do trabalho forçado
1. Ninguém pode ser sujeito a escravidão nem a servidão.
2. Ninguém pode ser constrangido a realizar trabalho forçado ou obrigatório.
3. É proibido o tráfico de seres humanos.
1. O direito consagrado nos n.os 1 e 2 do artigo 5.o corresponde ao que está consignado nos n.os 1 e 2 do artigo 4.o, de idêntico teor, da CEDH. Tem, pois, um sentido e um âmbito iguais aos deste artigo, de acordo com o disposto no n.o 3 do artigo 52.o da Carta. Por conseguinte: - nenhuma restrição poderá afectar legitimamente o direito consignado no n.o 1, - no n.o 2, as noções de `trabalho forçado ou obrigatório` devem ser entendidas tendo em conta as definições `negativas` que constam do n.o 3 do artigo 4.o da CEDH: `Não será considerado trabalho forçado ou obrigatório no sentido do presente artigo: a) Qualquer trabalho exigido normalmente a uma pessoa submetida a detenção nas condições previstas pelo artigo 5.o da presente Convenção, ou enquanto estiver em liberdade condicional; b) Qualquer serviço de carácter militar ou, no caso de objectores de consciência, nos países em que a objecção de consciência for reconhecida como legítima, qualquer outro serviço que substitua o serviço militar obrigatório; c) Qualquer serviço exigido no caso de crise ou de calamidade que ameacem a vida ou o bem-estar da comunidade; d) Qualquer trabalho ou serviço que fizer parte das obrigações cívicas normais.`. 2. O n.o 3 decorre directamente da dignidade do ser humano e tem em conta as novas formas da criminalidade organizada, como a organização de redes lucrativas de imigração clandestina ou de exploração sexual. A Convenção Europol contém, em anexo, a seguinte definição do tráfico de seres humanos: `Tráfico de seres humanos: o facto de submeter uma pessoa ao poder real e ilegal de outrem mediante o recurso à violência ou a ameaças, abuso de autoridade ou utilização de subterfúgios, nomeadamente com o objectivo de se dedicar à exploração da prostituição de outrem, a formas de exploração e de violências sexuais em relação a menores ou ao comércio ligado ao abandono de crianças.` Do Capítulo VI da Convenção de Aplicação do Acordo de Schengen, integrada no acervo da União, em que o Reino Unido e a Irlanda são partes, consta, no n.o 1 do artigo 27.o, a seguinte formulação respeitante às redes de imigração clandestina: `As Partes Contratantes comprometem-se a prever sanções adequadas contra quem fomente ou tente fomentar, com fins lucrativos, um estrangeiro a entrar ou a permanecer no território de uma Parte Contratante violando a legislação desta Parte Contratante em matéria de entrada e residência de estrangeiros.` Em 19 de Julho de 2002, o Conselho adoptou uma decisão-quadro relativa à luta contra o tráfico de seres humanos (JO L 203 de 1.8.2002, p. 1), cujo artigo 1.o define pormenorizadamente as infracções relativas ao tráfico de seres humanos para efeitos de exploração laboral ou de exploração sexual que os Estados-Membros devem tornar puníveis por força da decisão-quadro.
Article 29. (…) No one may be compelled to perform work or service against his or her free will, except for service in the defence forces or alternative service, or work required to prevent the spread of an infectious disease or to contain a natural disaster or catastrophe, or work which a convicted offender is required to perform according to the law and pursuant to a procedure established by law. (…)
§ 29. (...) Kedagi ei tohi sundida tema vaba tahte vastaselt tööle ega teenistusse, välja arvatud kaitseväeteenistus või selle asendusteenistus, tööd nakkushaiguse leviku tõkestamisel, loodusõnnetuse ja katastroofi korral ning töö, mida seaduse alusel ja korras peab tegema süüdimõistetu. (...)
§ 133. Inimkaubandus. (1) Inimese asetamise eest olukorda, kus ta on sunnitud abielluma, töötama tavapäratutel tingimustel, tegelema prostitutsiooniga, kerjama, panema toime kuriteo või täitma muud vastumeelset kohustust, samuti inimese sellises olukorras hoidmise eest, kui tegu on toime pandud vabaduse võtmise, vägivalla, pettuse, kahju tekitamisega ähvardamise, teisest isikust sõltuvuse, abitu seisundi või haavatava seisundi ärakasutamisega, – karistatakse ühe- kuni seitsmeaastase vangistusega.
§ 133 - Trafficking in human beings. (1) Placing a person in a situation where he or she is forced to marry, work under unusual conditions, engage in prostitution, beg, commit a criminal offence or perform other disagreeable duties, and keeping a person in such situation, if such act is performed through deprivation of liberty, violence, deceit, threatening to cause damage, by taking advantage of dependence on another person, helpless or vulnerable situation of the person, is punishable by one to seven years’ imprisonment.
Article 10 1. No person shall be held in slavery or servitude. 2. No person shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour. 3. For the purposes of this Article the term "forced or compulsory labour" shall not include - (a) any work required to be done in the ordinary course of detention imposed according to the provisions of Article 11 or during conditional release from such detention; (b) any service of a military character if imposed or, in case of conscientious objectors, subject to their recognition by a law, service exacted instead of compulsory military service; (c) any service exacted in case of an emergency or calamity threatening the life or well-being of the inhabitants.
ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 10 1. Ουδείς τελεί εις κατάστασιν δουλείας ή υποτελείας. 2. Ουδείς εξαναγκάζεται εις εκτέλεσιν αναγκαστικής ή υποχρεωτικής εργασίας. 3. Ο εν τω παρόντι άρθρω όρος «αναγκαστική ή υποχρεωτική εργασία» δεν περιλαμβάνει: (α) οιανδήποτε εργασίαν επιβαλλομένην κατά την κανονικήν διάρκειαν της κρατήσεως συμφώνως ταις διατάξεσι του άρθρου 11 του Συντάγματος ή κατά την διάρκειαν της υπό όρον απολύσεως από τοιαύτης κρατήσεως, (β) οιανδήποτε τυχόν επιβληθησομένην στρατιωτικού χαρακτήρος υπηρεσίαν ή, προκειμένου περί των κατά συνείδησιν εναντιουμένων εις αυτήν και υπό την προϋπόθεσιν της αναγνωρίσεως αυτών υπό νόμου, υπηρεσίαν επιβαλλομένην αντί της στρατιωτικής υποχρεωτικής υπηρεσίας, και (γ) οιανδήποτε υπηρεσίαν επιβαλλομένην εις περίπτωσιν καταστάσεως εκτάκτου ανάγκης ή συμφοράς απειλούσης την ζωήν ή την ευημερίαν του λαού.
Art. 48. [...] (4) No one shall be compelled to do forced labour.[...]
Чл. 48. [...] (4) Никой не може да бъде заставян да извършва принудителен труд.[...]
Art. 433quinquies. (Inséré par L 2005-08-10/61, art. 10; En vigueur : 12-09-2005; modifié par L 2013-04-29/15, art.2 et L 2013-06-24/24; En vigueur 02-08-2013)§ 1er. Constitue l'infraction de traite des êtres humains le fait de recruter, de transporter, de transférer, d'héberger, d'accueillir une personne, de prendre ou de transférer le contrôle exercé sur elle : 1° à des fins d'exploitation de la prostitution ou d'autres formes d'exploitation sexuelle; 2° à des fins d'exploitation de la mendicité; 3° à des fins de travail ou de services, dans des conditions contraires à la dignité humaine; 4° à des fins de prélèvement d'organes en violation de la loi du 13 juin 1986 sur le prélèvement et la transplantation d'organes, ou de matériel corporel humain en violation de la loi du 19 décembre 2008 relative à l'obtention et à l'utilisation de matériel corporel humain destiné à des applications médicales humaines ou à des fins de recherche scientifique; 5° ou afin de faire commettre par cette personne un crime ou un délit, contre son gré. Sauf dans le cas visé au 5, le consentement de la personne visée à l'alinéa 1er à l'exploitation envisagée ou effective est indifférent. § 2. L'infraction prévue au § 1er sera punie d'un emprisonnement d'un an à cinq ans et d'une amende de cinq cents euros à cinquante mille euros. § 3. La tentative de commettre l'infraction visée au § 1er sera punie d'un emprisonnement d'un an à trois ans et d'une amende de cent euros à dix mille euros. § 4. L'amende sera appliquée autant de fois quil y a de victimes.
Art. 433quinquies. (Ingevoegd bij W 2005-08-10/61, art. 10; Inwerkingtreding : 12-09-2005 ; geamendeerd bij W 2013-0429/15, art. 2 en W 2013-06-24/24; Inwerkingtreding : 02-08-2013)§ 1. Levert het misdrijf mensenhandel op, de werving, het vervoer, de overbrenging, de huisvesting, de opvang van een persoon, het nemen of de overdracht van de controle over hem met als doel : 1° de uitbuiting van prostitutie of andere vormen van seksuele uitbuiting; 2° de uitbuiting van bedelarij; 3° het verrichten van werk of het verlenen van diensten, in omstandigheden die in strijd zijn met de menselijke waardigheid; 4° het wegnemen van organen in strijd met de wet van 13 juni 1986 betreffende het wegnemen en transplanteren van organen, of van menselijk lichaamsmateriaal in strijd met de wet van 19 december 2008 inzake het verkrijgen en het gebruik van menselijk lichaamsmateriaal met het oog op de geneeskundige toepassing op de mens of het wetenschappelijk onderzoek; 5° of deze persoon tegen zijn wil een misdaad of een wanbedrijf te doen plegen. Behalve in het in 5 bedoelde geval is de toestemming van de in het eerste lid bedoelde persoon met de voorgenomen of daadwerkelijke uitbuiting van geen belang. § 2. Het in § 1 bedoelde misdrijf wordt gestraft met gevangenisstraf van één jaar tot vijf jaar en met geldboete van vijfhonderd euro tot vijftigduizend euro. § 3. Poging tot het in § 1 bedoelde misdrijf wordt gestraft met gevangenisstraf van één jaar tot drie jaar en met geldboete van honderd euro tot tienduizend euro. § 4. De boete wordt zo veel keer toegepast als er slachtoffers zijn.
Article 433 quinquies (inserted by law of 2005-08-10/61, art.10 ; in force 12-09-2005) §1 ; amended by law 2013-04-29/15, art.2 and 2013-06-24/24; in force 02-08-2013) §1 In the event the crime results in human trafficking, the recruitment, the transport, transmission, accommodation, sheltering of a person or taking control over that person with the aim to: 1° Exploit prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation; 2°Exploit begging; 3.°Preform work or services in circumstances who are contrary to the provisions on human dignity. 4.°Remove organs which is contrary to the law of 13 June 1986 regarding the removal and transplantation of organs and human body materials, and the law of 19 December 2008 regarding the acquirement and usage of human body materials with the aim of medical application on humans or medical research. 5°Force a person to commit a crime and misdemeanour against his or her will. Except in 5°, is the permission of the person mentioned in the first section for the intended or actual exploitation, of no relevance. §2 The crime mentioned in §1, will be punished with a sentence of one to five years and with a fine of 500 EUR to 50.000EUR. §3 Attempt to the crime mentioned in §1, will be punished with a sentence of one to three years and with a fine of 100 EUR to 10.000 EUR. §4 The fine will be applied as many times as there are victims.
Artikel 4 (1) Niemand darf in Sklaverei oder Leibeigenschaft gehalten werden. (2) Niemand darf gezwungen werden, Zwangs- oder Pflichtarbeit zu verrichten. (3) Als „Zwangs- oder Pflichtarbeit“ im Sinne dieses Artikels gilt nicht: a) jede Arbeit, die normalerweise von einer Person verlangt wird, die unter den von Artikel 5 der vorliegenden Konvention vorgesehenen Bedingungen in Haft gehalten oder bedingt freigelassen worden ist; b) jede Dienstleistung militärischen Charakters, oder im Falle der Verweigerung aus Gewissensgründen in Ländern, wo diese als berechtigt anerkannt ist, eine sonstige an Stelle der militärischen Dienstpflicht tretende Dienstleistung; c) jede Dienstleistung im Falle von Notständen und Katastrophen, die das Leben oder das Wohl der Gemeinschaft bedrohen; d) jede Arbeit oder Dienstleistung, die zu den normalen Bürgerpflichten gehört.
Artikel 7 Jeder Unterthänigkeits- und Hörigkeitsverband ist für immer aufgeho-ben. Jede aus dem Titel des getheilten Eigenthumes auf Liegenschaften haftende Schuldigkeit oder Leistung ist ablösbar, und es darf in Zukunft keine Liegenschaft mit einer derartigen unablösbaren Leistung belastet werden.
Article 7 Every liege bond and thraldom is abolished in perpetuity. Every obligation or performance which encumbers property held in fee is commutable and for the future no real property may be burdened with a performance of that kind which cannot be commuted.
Article 4 1. No one shall be held in slavery or servitude. 2. No one shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour. 3. For the purpose of this Article the term “forced or compulsory labour” shall not include: a) any work required to be done in the ordinary course of detention imposed according to the provisions of Article5 of this Convention or during conditional release from such detention; b) any service of a military character or, in case of conscientious objectors in countries where they are recognised, service exacted instead of compulsory military service; c) any service exacted in case of an emergency or calamity threatening the life or well-being of the community; d) any work or service which forms part of normal civic. obligations.