Take part in a one-to-one session and help us improve the FRA website. It will take about 30 minutes of your time.
YES, I AM INTERESTED NO, I AM NOT INTERESTED
Libertà
Articolo 14 - Diritto all'istruzione
1. Ogni persona ha diritto all'istruzione e all'accesso alla formazione professionale e continua. 2. Questo diritto comporta la facoltà di accedere gratuitamente all'istruzione obbligatoria. 3. La libertà di creare istituti di insegnamento nel rispetto dei principi democratici, così come il diritto dei genitori di provvedere all'educazione e all'istruzione dei loro figli secondo le loro convinzioni religiose, filosofiche e pedagogiche, sono rispettati secondo le leggi nazionali che ne disciplinano l'esercizio.
1. Questo articolo si ispira sia alle tradizioni costituzionali comuni agli Stati membri sia all'articolo 2 del protocollo addizionale alla CEDU, che recita: `Il diritto all’istruzione non può essere rifiutato a nessuno. Lo Stato, nell’esercizio delle funzioni che assume nel campo dell’educazione e dell’insegnamento, deve rispettare il diritto dei genitori di provvedere a tale educazione e a tale insegnamento secondo le loro convinzioni religiose e filosofiche.`. È stato giudicato utile estendere questo articolo all'accesso alla formazione professionale e continua (cfr. punto 15 della Carta comunitaria dei diritti sociali fondamentali dei lavoratori e articolo 10 della Carta sociale) e aggiungere il principio della gratuità dell'istruzione obbligatoria. In base alla sua formulazione, quest’ultimo principio implica soltanto che per l'istruzione obbligatoria ogni bambino abbia la possibilità di accedere a un istituto che pratica la gratuità. Esso non impone che tutti gli istituti che dispensano tale istruzione, o una formazione professionale e continua, in particolare quelli privati, siano gratuiti. Non vieta nemmeno che alcune forme specifiche di istruzione possano essere a pagamento, a condizione che lo Stato prenda misure destinate a concedere una compensazione finanziaria. Poiché la Carta si applica all'Unione, ciò significa che, nel quadro delle sue politiche in materia di formazione, l'Unione deve rispettare la gratuità dell'istruzione obbligatoria, ma ciò non crea beninteso nuove competenze. Per quanto attiene al diritto dei genitori, lo si deve interpretare in relazione alle disposizioni dell’articolo 24. 2. La libertà di creare istituti di istruzione, pubblici o privati, è garantita come uno degli aspetti della libertà d'impresa, ma è limitata dal rispetto dei principi democratici e si esercita secondo le modalità stabilite dalle legislazioni nazionali.
§ 13 The Nation guarantees equal access for children and adults to instruction, vocational training and culture. The provision of free, public and secular education at all levels is a duty of the State.
§ 13La Nation garantit l'égal accès de l'enfant et de l'adulte à l'instruction, à la formation professionnelle et à la culture. L'organisation de l'enseignement public gratuit et laïque à tous les degrés est un devoir de l'Etat.
Section 16 Educational rights Everyone has the right to basic education free of charge. Provisions on the duty to receive education are laid down by an Act. The public authorities shall, as provided in more detail by an Act, guarantee for everyone equal opportunity to receive other educational services in accordance with their ability and special needs, as well as the opportunity to develop themselves without being prevented by economic hardship. The freedom of science, the arts and higher education is guaranteed.
16 § Sivistykselliset oikeudet Jokaisella on oikeus maksuttomaan perusopetukseen. Oppivelvollisuudesta säädetään lailla. Julkisen vallan on turvattava, sen mukaan kuin lailla tarkemmin säädetään, jokaiselle yhtäläinen mahdollisuus saada kykyjensä ja erityisten tarpeidensa mukaisesti myös muuta kuin perusopetusta sekä kehittää itseään varattomuuden sitä estämättä. Tieteen, taiteen ja ylimmän opetuksen vapaus on turvattu.
Article 37. Everyone has the right to education. Education for school-age children is compulsory to the extent specified by the law, and is free of charge in general schools established by the national government and by local authorities. In order to make education accessible, the national government and local authorities maintain a requisite number of educational institutions. Other educational institutions, including private schools, may also be established and maintained pursuant to the law. Parents have the deciding say in the choice of education for their children. Everyone has the right to be taught in Estonian. The language of teaching in national minority educational institutions is chosen by the educational institution. The provision of education is overseen by the national government.
§ 37. Igaühel on õigus haridusele. Õppimine on kooliealistel lastel seadusega määratud ulatuses kohustuslik ning riigi ja kohalike omavalitsuste üldhariduskoolides õppemaksuta. Et teha haridus kättesaadavaks, peavad riik ja kohalikud omavalitsused ülal vajalikul arvul õppeasutusi. Seaduse alusel võib avada ja pidada ka muid õppeasutusi, sealhulgas erakoole. Laste hariduse valikul on otsustav sõna vanematel. Igaühel on õigus saada eestikeelset õpetust. Õppekeele vähemusrahvuse õppeasutuses valib õppeasutus. Hariduse andmine on riigi järelevalve all.
§ 76. Alle børn i den undervisningspligtige alder har ret til fri undervisning i folkeskolen. Forældre eller værger, der selv sørger for, at børnene får en undervisning, der kan stå mål med, hvad der almindeligvis kræves i folkeskolen, er ikke pligtige at lade børnene undervise i folkeskolen.
Section 76. All children of school age shall be entitled to free instruction in primary schools. Parents or guardians making their own arrangements for their children or wards to receive instruction equivalent to the general primary school standard shall not be obliged to have their children or wards taught in a publicly provided school.
Article 20 1. Every person has the right to receive, and every person or institution has the right to give, instruction or education subject to such formalities, conditions or restrictions as are in accordance with the relevant communal law and are necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or the standard and quality of education or for the protection of the rights and liberties of others including the right of the parents to secure for their children such education as is in conformity with their religious convictions. 2. Free primary education shall be made available by the Greek and the Turkish Communal Chambers in the respective communal primary schools. 3. Primary education shall be compulsory for all citizens of such school age as may be determined by a relevant communal law. 4. Education, other than primary education, shall be made available by the Greek and the Turkish Communal Chambers, in deserving and appropriate cases, on such terms and conditions as may be determined by a relevant communal law.
ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 20 1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να εκπαιδεύηται και έκαστον άτομον ή ίδρυμα έχει το δικαίωμα να παρέχη εκπαίδευσιν τηρουμένων των διατυπώσεων, όρων και περιορισμών των επιβαλλομένων υπό του οικείου κοινοτικού νόμου των αναγκαίων μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή του βαθμού και της ποιότητος της παιδείας ή προς προστασίαν των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των άλλων, συμπεριλαμβανομένου και του δικαιώματος των γονέων, όπως διασφαλίζωσιν υπέρ των τέκνων αυτών εκπαίδευσιν συνάδουσαν προς τας θρησκευτικάς αυτών πεποιθήσεις. 2. Μερίμνη της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής Κοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως ή στοιχειώδης εκπαίδευσις θέλει καταστή δωρεάν προσιτή εν τοις αντιστοίχοις κοινοτικοίς σχολείοις της στοιχειώδους εκπαιδεύσεως. 3. Η στοιχειώδης εκπαίδευσις είναι υποχρεωτική διά πάντας τους πολίτας τους έχοντας συμπληρώσει την απαιτουμένην ηλικίαν, ως θέλει ορίσει ο οικείος κοινοτικός νόμος. 4. Μερίμνη της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής Κοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως θα καταστή προσιτή πλην της στοιχειώδους και η περαιτέρω εκπαίδευσις εις ενδεδειγμένα και άξια υποστηρίξεως πρόσωπα, εφ’ ους όρους και προϋποθέσεις θα ορίση ο οικείος κοινοτικός νόμος.
Article 66 In the Republic of Croatia, everyone shall have access to education under equal conditions and in accordance with his/her aptitudes. Compulsory education shall be free, in conformity with law.
Article 67 Subject to the conditions specified by law, the establishment of private schools and learning institutions shall be permitted.
Article 68 The autonomy of universities shall be guaranteed. Universities shall independently decide on their organisation and operation, in compliance with law.
Članak 66. Obrazovanje je u Republici Hrvatskoj svakomu dostupno, pod jednakim uvjetima, u skladu s njegovim sposobnostima. Obvezno obrazovanje je besplatno u skladu sa zakonom.
Članak 67. Uz uvjete propisane zakonom mogu se osnivati privatne škole i učilišta.
Članak 68. Jamči se autonomija sveučilišta. Sveučilište samostalno odlučuje o svom ustrojstvu i djelovanju, u skladu sa zakonom.
Art. 23. The State shall establish conditions conducive to the free development of science, education and the arts, and shall assist that development. It shall organize the conservation of all national monuments of history and culture.Art. 53. (1) Everyone shall have the right to education.(2) School attendance up to the age of 16 shall be compulsory.(3) Primary and secondary education in state and municipal schools shall be free. In circumstances established by law, the higher educational establishments shall provide education free of charge.(4) Higher educational establishments shall enjoy academic autonomy.(5) Citizens and organizations shall be free to found schools in accordance with conditions and procedures established by law. The education they provide shall fit the requirements of the State.(6) The State shall promote education by opening and financing schools, by supporting capable school and university students, and by providing opportunities for occupational training and retraining. It shall exercise control over all kinds and levels of schooling.
Чл. 23. Държавата създава условия за свободно развитие на науката, образованието и изкуствата и ги подпомага. Тя се грижи за опазване на националното историческо и културно наследство.Чл. 53. (1) Всеки има право на образование.(2) Училищното обучение до 16-годишна възраст е задължително.(3) Основното и средното образование в държавните и общинските училища е безплатно. При определени от закона условия образованието във висшите държавни училища е безплатно.(4) Висшите училища се ползват с академична автономия.(5) Граждани и организации могат да създават училища при условия и по ред, определени със закон. Обучението в тях трябва да съответства на държавните изисквания.(6) Държавата насърчава образованието, като създава и финансира училища, подпомага способни ученици и студенти, създава условия за професионално обучение и преквалификация. Тя упражнява контрол върху всички видове и степени училища.
Artikel 24. §1. Het onderwijs is vrij; elke preventieve maatregel is verboden; de bestraffing van de misdrijven wordt alleen door de wet of het decreet geregeld. De gemeenschap waarborgt de keuzevrijheid van de ouders.De gemeenschap richt neutraal onderwijs in. De neutraliteit houdt onder meer in, de eerbied voor de filosofische, ideologische of godsdienstige opvattingen van de ouders en de leerlingen. De scholen ingericht door openbare besturen bieden, tot het einde van de leerplicht, de keuze aan tussen onderricht in een der erkende godsdiensten en de niet-confessionele zedenleer. §2. Zo een gemeenschap als inrichtende macht bevoegdheden wil opdragen aan een of meer autonome organen, kan dit slechts bij decreet, aangenomen met een meerderheid van twee derden van de uitgebrachte stemmen. §3. Ieder heeft recht op onderwijs, met eerbiediging van de fundamentele rechten en vrijheden. De toegang tot het onderwijs is kosteloos tot het einde van de leerplicht. Alle leerlingen die leerplichtig zijn, hebben ten laste van de gemeenschap recht op een morele of religieuze opvoeding. §4. Alle leerlingen of studenten, ouders, personeelsleden en onderwijsinstellingen zijn gelijk voor de wet of het decreet. De wet en het decreet houden rekening met objectieve verschillen, waaronder de eigen karakteristieken van iedere inrichtende macht, die een aangepaste behandeling verantwoorden. §5. De inrichting, erkenning of subsidiëring van het onderwijs door de gemeenschap wordt geregeld door de wet of het decreet.
Article 24. §1. L'enseignement est libre; toute mesure préventive est interdite; la répression des délits n'est réglée que par la loi ou le décret.La communauté assure le libre choix des parents.La communauté organise un enseignement qui est neutre. La neutralité implique notamment le respect des conceptions philosophiques, idéologiques ou religieuses des parents et des élèves. Les écoles organisées par les pouvoirs publics offrent, jusqu'à la fin de l'obligation scolaire, le choix entre l'enseignement d'une des religions reconnues et celui de la morale non confessionnelle. §2. Si une communauté, en tant que pouvoir organisateur, veut déléguer des compétences à un ou plusieurs organes autonomes, elle ne le pourra que par décret adopté à la majorité des deux tiers des suffrages exprimés. §3. Chacun a droit à l'enseignement dans le respect des libertés et droits fondamentaux. L'accès à l'enseignement est gratuit jusqu'à la fin de l'obligation scolaire. Tous les élèves soumis à l'obligation scolaire ont droit, à charge de la communauté, à une éducation morale ou religieuse. §4. Tous les élèves ou étudiants, parents, membres du personnel et établissements d'enseignement sont égaux devant la loi ou le décret. La loi et le décret prennent en compte les différences objectives, notamment les caractéristiques propres à chaque pouvoir organisateur, qui justifient un traitement approprié. §5. L'organisation, la reconnaissance ou le subventionnement de l'enseignement par la communauté sont réglés par la loi ou le décret.
Article 24.§1. Education is free; any preventive measure is forbidden; the punishment of offences is regulated only by the law or federate law.The community offers free choice to parents.The community organises non-denominational education. This implies in particular the respect of the philosophical, ideological or religious beliefs of parents and pupils. Schools run by the public authorities offer, until the end of compulsory education, the choice between the teaching of one of the recognised religions and non-denominational ethics teaching. §2. If a community, in its capacity as an organising authority, wishes to delegate powers to one or several autonomous bodies, it can only do so by federate law adopted by a two-thirds majority of the votes cast. §3. Everyone has the right to education with the respect of fundamental rights and freedoms. Access to education is free until the end of compulsory education. All pupils of school age have the right to moral or religious education at the community’s expense.§4. All pupils or students, parents, teaching staff or institutions are equal before the law or federate law. The law and federate law take into account objective differences, in particular the characteristics of each organising authority that warrant appropriate treatment. §5. The organisation, the recognition and the subsidising of education by the community are regulated by the law or federate law.
Artikel 2 Das Recht auf Bildung darf niemandem verwehrt werden. Der Staat hat bei Ausübung der von ihm auf dem Gebiete der Erziehung und des Unterrichts übernommenen Aufgaben das Recht der Eltern zu achten, die Erziehung und den Unterricht entsprechend ihren eigenen religiösen und weltanschaulichen Überzeugungen sicherzustellen.
Article 2 No person shall be denied the right to education. In the exercise of any functions which it assumes in relation to education and to teaching, the State shall respect the right of parents to ensure such education and teaching in conformity with their own religious and philosophical convictions.
Artikel 17(1) Die Wissenschaft und ihre Lehre ist frei. (2) Unterrichts- und Erziehungsanstalten zu gründen und an solchen Unterricht zu ertheilen, ist jeder Staatsbürger berechtigt, der seine Befähigung hiezu in gesetzlicher Weise nachgewiesen hat. (3) Der häusliche Unterricht unterliegt keiner solchen Beschränkung (4) Für den Religionsunterricht in den Schulen ist von der betreffenden Kirche oder Religionsgesellschaft Sorge zu tragen. (5) Dem Staate steht rücksichtlich des gesammten Unterrichts- und Erziehungswe-sens das Recht der obersten Leitung und Aufsicht zu. Artikel 17a. Das künstlerische Schaffen, die Vermittlung von Kunst sowie deren Lehre sind frei.Artikel 18Es steht Jedermann frei, seinen Beruf zu wählen und sich für denselben auszubilden, wie und wo er will.
