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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Artigo 15.o - Liberdade profissional e direito de trabalhar

Artigo 15.o - Liberdade profissional e direito de trabalhar

1. Todas as pessoas têm o direito de trabalhar e de exercer uma profissão livremente escolhida ou aceite.
2. Todos os cidadãos da União têm a liberdade de procurar emprego, de trabalhar, de se estabelecer ou de prestar serviços em qualquer Estado-Membro.
3. Os nacionais de países terceiros que sejam autorizados a trabalhar no território dos Estados-Membros têm direito a condições de trabalho equivalentes àquelas de que beneficiam os cidadãos da União.

    • Text:

      A liberdade de exercício de uma profissão, consagrada no n.o 1 do artigo 15.o é reconhecida na jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça (ver, nomeadamente, os acórdãos de 14 de Maio de 1974, processo 4/73, Nold, Colect. 1974, p. 491, pontos 12 a 14; de 13 de Dezembro de 1979, processo 44/79, Hauer, Colect. 1979, p. 3727; de 8 de Outubro de 1986, processo 234/85, Keller, Colect. 1986, p. 2897, ponto 8).
      Este número inspira-se também no n.o 2 do artigo 1.o da Carta Social Europeia, assinada em 18 de Outubro de 1961 e ratificada por todos os Estados-Membros, e no ponto 4 da Carta Comunitária dos Direitos Sociais Fundamentais dos Trabalhadores, de 9 de Dezembro de 1989. A expressão `condições de trabalho` deve ser entendida na acepção do artigo 156.o do Tratado sobre o Funcionamento da União Europeia.
      O n.o 2 consagra as três liberdades garantidas pelos artigos 26.o e 45.o, 49.o e 56.o do Tratado sobre o Funcionamento da União Europeia, a saber, a livre circulação de trabalhadores, a liberdade de estabelecimento e a livre prestação de serviços.
      O n.o 3 baseou-se na alínea g) do n.o 1 do artigo 153.o do Tratado sobre o Funcionamento da União Europeia, bem como no ponto 4 do artigo 19.o da Carta Social Europeia, assinada em 18 de Outubro de 1961 e ratificada por todos os Estados-Membros. É, por conseguinte, aplicável o n.o 2 do artigo 52.o da Carta. A questão da admissão de marítimos nacionais de Estados terceiros nas tripulações de navios que arvorem pavilhão de um Estado-Membro da União é regulada pelo direito da União e pelas legislações e práticas nacionais.

      Source:
      Jornal Oficial da União Europeia C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      As presentes anotações, inicialmente elaboradas sob a responsabilidade do Praesidium da Convenção que redigiu a Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais da União Europeia, foram actualizadas sob a responsabilidade do Praesidium da Convenção Europeia, à luz das adaptações ao texto (nomeadamente aos artigos 51.o e 52.o) da Carta introduzidas pela Convenção Europeia e da evolução do direito da União. Embora não tenham em si força de lei, constituem um valioso instrumento de interpretação destinado a clarificar as disposições da Carta.
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