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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Член 50 - Право на всеки да не бъде съден или наказван два пъти за едно и също престъпление

Член 50 - Право на всеки да не бъде съден или наказван два пъти за едно и също престъпление

Никой не може да бъде подложен на наказателно преследване или наказван за престъпление, за което вече е бил оправдан или осъден на територията на Съюза с окончателно съдебно решение в съответствие със закона.

    • Text:

      Член 4 от Протокол № 7 към ЕКПЧ гласи:

      „1. Никой не може да бъде съден или наказан от съда на една и съща държава за престъпление, за което вече е бил оправдан или окончателно осъден съгласно закона и наказателната процедура на тази държава.
      2. Разпоредбите на предходната точка не представляват пречка за възобновяването на процеса съгласно закона и наказателната процедура на съответната държава, ако има свидетелства за нови факти или новооткрити обстоятелства или за съществен порок на предидущия процес, които са повлияли на неговия изход.
      3. Не се допуска освобождаване от изпълнението на задълженията по този Протокол на основание член 15 от Конвенцията.“

      Правилото „non bis in idem“ се прилага в правото на Съюза (вж., сред една богата съдебна практика, решението на Съда от 5 май 1966 г. по съединени дела 18/65 и 35/65, Gutmann с/у Комисията, ССП 1966, стр. 150, както и, по едно скорошно дело, решението на Първоинстанционния съд от 20 април 1999 г. по съединени дела T-305/94 и др., Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV и др. с/у Комисията, ССП 1999, стр. II-931). Уточнява се, че правилото, забраняващо кумулацията се отнася до кумулирането на две санкции с еднакъв характер, т.е. две наказателни санкции.
      Съгласно член 50, правилото „non bis in idem“ се прилага не само в рамките на юрисдикцията на една държава, но и между юрисдикциите на няколко държави-членки. Това съответства на достиженията на правото на Съюза; виж членове 54—58 от Конвенцията за прилагане на Споразумението от Шенген и решението на Съда от 11 февруари 2003 г. по Дело C-187/01 Gözütok (ССП 2003, стр. I-1345), член 7 от Конвенцията за защита на финансовите интереси на Европейските общности, както и член 10 от Конвенцията за борба с корупцията. Много редките изключения, чрез които тези конвенции позволяват на държавите- членки да дерогират правилото „non bis in idem“ са обхванати от хоризонталната клауза по член 52, параграф 1 относно ограниченията. Що се отнася до ситуациите, посочени в член 4 от Протокол № 7, а именно прилагането на принципа на територията на една и съща държава-членка, гарантираното право има същото съдържание и обхват, както съответстващото правило от ЕКПЧ.

      Source:
      Официален вестник на Европейския съюэ C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Дадените по-долу разяснения бяха подготвени първоначално под ръководството на президиума на Конвента, който изработи Хартата на основните права на Европейския съюз. Те бяха актуализирани под ръководството на президиума на Европейския конвент в светлината на внесените от този Конвент изменения в текста на Хартата (по-специално в членове 51 и 52), както и на развитието на правото на Съюза. Въпреки че тези разяснения сами по себе си нямат юридическа сила, те представляват ценно средство за тълкуване, което е предназначено да изясни разпоредбите на Хартата.
    • Plaintiff: E.U.
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Constitutional Court
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      CZ:US:2016:2.US.143.16.1
    • Private complainant v. The Ministry of Defence
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Piedmont Regional Administrative Tribunal
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • T.W. v The Police Authority
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Director of 7th Customs of Independent Custom Groups of Piraeus v natural persons
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Council of State
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Customs
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • The Swedish Competitions Authority v Swedavia
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Criminal proceedings against Stefano Burzio.
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Nith Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2015:251
    • Procura della Repubblica v M
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      COURT (Fourth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Zoran Spasic
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      COURT (Grand Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Pfleger and Others
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Third Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2014:281
    • Procura della Repubblica v M
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Advocate General Sharpston
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):

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