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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Artikel 18 - Het recht op asiel

Artikel 18 - Het recht op asiel

Het recht op asiel is gegarandeerd met inachtneming van de voorschriften van het Verdrag van Genève van 28 juli 1951 en het Protocol van 31 januari 1967 betreffende de status van vluchtelingen, en overeenkomstig het Verdrag betreffende de Europese Unie en het Verdrag betreffende de werking van de Europese Unie (hierna: "de Verdragen" genoemd).

    • Text:

      De tekst van het artikel is gebaseerd op artikel 63 VEG, nu vervangen door artikel 78 van het Verdrag betreffende de werking van de Europese Unie, dat de Unie verplicht het Vluchtelingenverdrag van Genève te eerbiedigen. Er dient te worden verwezen naar de bepalingen van het aan de Verdragen gehechte protocol betreffende de positie van het Verenigd Koninkrijk en Ierland, alsmede van het protocol betreffende de positie van Denemarken, om te bepalen in hoeverre deze lidstaten het recht van de Unie ter zake uitvoeren en in hoeverre dit artikel op hen van toepassing is. Dit artikel eerbiedigt het aan de Verdragen gehechte protocol inzake asiel.

      Source:
      Publicatieblad van de Europese Unie C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Deze toelichtingen werden oorspronkelijk opgesteld onder de verantwoordelijkheid van het praesidium van de Conventie die het Handvest van de grondrechten van de Europese Unie heeft opgesteld. Zij zijn bijgewerkt onder de verantwoordelijkheid van het praesidium van de Europese Conventie, in het licht van de wijzigingen die door laatstgenoemde Conventie in het Handvest zijn aangebracht (met name in artikel 51 en 52) en van verdere ontwikkelingen in het recht van de Unie. Hoewel zij op zich geen juridische waarde hebben, vormen zij een waardevol hulpmiddel voor de interpretatie, bedoeld om de bepalingen van het Handvest te verduidelijken.
    • Bahtiyar Fathi v Predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Second Chamber)
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      Decision
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      ECLI:EU:C:2018:803
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    • FR v Ministero dell’interno - Commissione Territoriale per il riconoscimento della Protezione Internazionale presso la Prefettura U.T.G. di Milan
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      Deciding body:
      Court (First Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
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      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:784
    • X v Belastingdienst/Toeslagen
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      Court (Fourth Chamber)
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      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:776
    • X and Y v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Fourth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
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      Justice, freedom and security, Asylum and migration
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
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    • Bahtiyar Fathi v Predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
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      Advocate General
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      Opinion
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      Justice, freedom and security
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    • Serin Alheto v Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Grand Chamber)
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      Decision
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      Justice, freedom and security, Asylum and migration
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    • Nigyar Rauf Kaza Ahmedbekova, Rauf Emin Ogla Ahmedbekov v Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
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      Advocate General
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      Opinion
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      Justice, freedom and security, Asylum and migration
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    • Sadikou Gnandi v État belge
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      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Grand Chamber)
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      Decision
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      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:465
    • Serin Alheto v Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite
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      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
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      Advocate General
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security, Asylum and migration
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
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    48 results found

    • Refugees Act, Cap. 420 of the Laws of Malta, 2001
      Land:
      Malta

      Article 8(1) A person may apply to the Commissioner, in the prescribed form, and shall be granted refugee protection, where it is established that he faces a well-founded fear of persecution on his country of origin or habitual residence int erms of the Convention.

    • Constitution du Grand Duche de Luxembourg
      Land:
      Luxembourg

      Article 111.Tout étranger qui se trouve sur le territoire du Grand-Duché, jouit de la protection accordée aux personnes et aux biens, sauf les exceptions établies par la loi.

    • Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
      Land:
      Luxembourg

      Article 111. Every foreigner in the territory of the Grand Duchy enjoys the protection granted to
      persons and to property, save the exceptions established by the law.

    • ĮSTATYMAS DĖL UŽSIENIEČIŲ TEISINĖS PADĖTIES
      Land:
      Lithuania

      1 straipsnis1. Šis Įstatymas nustato užsieniečių atvykimo ir išvykimo, buvimo ir gyvenimo, prieglobsčio suteikimo, integracijos ir natūralizacijos, sprendimų dėl užsieniečių teisinės padėties apskundimo tvarką bei reglamentuoja kitus užsieniečių teisinės padėties Lietuvos Respublikoje klausimus.2. Šio Įstatymo nuostatos suderintos su Europos Sąjungos teisės aktų, nurodytų šio Įstatymo priede, nuostatomis. 3. Šis Įstatymas netaikomas užsieniečiams, kurie naudojasi privilegijomis ir imunitetais pagal Lietuvos Respublikos tarptautines sutartis ir kitus teisės aktus. 4. Kitų Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymų nuostatos šio Įstatymo reglamentuojamiems teisiniams santykiams taikomos tiek, kiek jų nereglamentuoja šis Įstatymas

    • Republic of Lithuania’s Law on the Legal Status of Aliens
      Land:
      Lithuania

      Article 1.1. This Law shall establish the procedure of entry and exit, temporary or permanent residence, granting of asylum, the procedure of integration and naturalisation as well as the procedure for lodging appeals against the decisions on the legal status of aliens and shall regulate other issues relating to the legal status of aliens in the Republic of Lithuania. 2. The provisions of this Law have been harmonised with the provisions of legal acts of the European Union specified in the Annex to this Law. 3. The Law shall not apply to aliens who enjoy the privileges and immunities under international treaties and other legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania. 4. The provisions of other laws of the Republic of Lithuania shall apply to legal relations regulated by this Law to the extent they are not regulated by this Law.

    • Asylum Law
      Land:
      Latvia

      Section 2.The purpose of this Law is to ensure the rights of persons to receive asylum, receive refugee status or alternative status or temporary protection in the Republic of Latvia.

    • Constitution of the Italian Republic
      Land:
      Italy

      Art. 10. (...) A foreigner who, in his home country, is denied the actual exercise of the democratic freedoms guaranteed by the Italian constitution shall be entitled to
      the right of asylum under the conditions established by law.

    • Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana
      Land:
      Italy

      Art. 10. (...) Lo straniero, al quale sia impedito nel suo paese l'effettivo esercizio delle libertà democratiche garantite dalla Costituzione italiana, ha diritto d'asilo nel territorio della Repubblica, secondo le condizioni stabilite dalla legge.

    • Immigration, Residence And Protection Bill 2008
      Land:
      Ireland
    • Refugee Act 1996 (as amended)
      Land:
      Ireland
    • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
      Land:
      Hungary

      XIV. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) […] (3) Magyarország — ha sem származási országuk, sem más ország nem nyújt védelmet — kérelemre menedékjogot biztosít azoknak a nem magyar állampolgároknak, akiket hazájukban vagy a szokásos tartózkodási helyük szerinti országban faji, nemzeti hovatartozásuk, meghatározott társadalmi csoporthoz tartozásuk, vallási, illetve politikai meggyőződésük miatt üldöznek, vagy az üldöztetéstől való félelmük megalapozott.

    • The Fundamental Law of Hungary
      Land:
      Hungary

      Article XIV (Freedom and Responsibility) [...] (3) Hungary shall, upon request, grant the right to asylum to non-Hungarian citizens being persecuted or
      having a well-founded fear of persecution in their native country or in the country of their
      habitual residence for reasons of race, nationality, membership of a particular social group, religious, political belief, if they do not receive protection from their country of origin or from any other country.

    • Law 2910/2001 Entry and Stay of Aliens in Greek Territory
      Land:
      Greece

      Article 2 1. The provisions of this law shall not apply to the following categories of persons, unless otherwise specified in the provisions hereof: a. persons whose entry, exit, movement, stay, settling and employment on Greek territory are regulated by the rules of European Community law; b. refugees, who shall be subject to the specific provisions on refugees, unless otherwise expressly specified in the provisions of this law. A refugee shall continue to be under refugee status even if the reasons for which he has been granted such status have ceased to exist provided that, due to his long stay, he has developed strong social, economic and family ties in the country; and c. persons who have applied for refugee status within the meaning of the Geneva Convention of 1951. 2. Persons having more than one citizenships, including Greek, shall be considered Greek citizens and shall have all the obligations and rights of Greek citizens. Persons having more than one citizenships, excluding Greek, shall declare to the aliens’ and immigration service their citizenship of preference, provided that they have obtained a passport or another travel document of the state concerned. 3. More favourable special provisions of bilateral or multilateral interstate agreements shall prevail subject to reciprocity.

    • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
      Land:
      Germany

      Article 16a (1) Persons persecuted on political grounds shall have the right of asylum. (2) Paragraph (1) of this Article may not be invoked by a person who enters the federal territory from a member state of the European Communities or from another third state in which application of the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is assured. The states outside the European Communities to which the criteria of the first sentence of this paragraph apply shall be specified by a law requiring the consent of the Bundesrat. In the cases specified in the first sentence of this paragraph, measures to terminate an applicant’s stay may be implemented without regard to any legal challenge that may have been instituted against them. (3) By a law requiring the consent of the Bundesrat, states may be specified in which, on the basis of their laws, enforcement practices and general political conditions, it can be safely concluded that neither political persecution nor inhuman or degrading punishment or treatment exists. It shall be presumed that a foreigner from such a state is not persecuted, unless he presents evidence justifying the conclusion that, contrary to this presumption, he is persecuted on political grounds. (4) In the cases specified by paragraph (3) of this Article and in other cases that are plainly unfounded or considered to be plainly unfounded, the implementation of measures to terminate an applicant’s stay may be suspended by a court only if serious doubts exist as to their legality; the scope of review may be limited, and tardy objections may be disregarded. Details shall be determined by a law. (5) Paragraphs (1) to (4) of this Article shall not preclude the conclusion of international agreements of member states of the European Communities with each other or with those third states which, with due regard for the obligations arising from the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, whose enforcement must be assured in the contracting states, adopt rules conferring jurisdiction to decide on applications for asylum, including the reciprocal recognition of asylum decisions.

    • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
      Land:
      Germany

      Artikel 16a (1) Politisch Verfolgte genießen Asylrecht. (2) Auf Absatz 1 kann sich nicht berufen, wer aus einem Mitgliedstaat der Europäischen Gemeinschaften oder aus einem anderen Drittstaat einreist, in dem die Anwendung des Abkommens über die Rechtsstellung der Flüchtlinge und der Konvention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten sichergestellt ist. Die Staaten außerhalb der Europäischen Gemeinschaften, auf die die Voraussetzungen des Satzes 1 zutreffen, werden durch Gesetz, das der Zustimmung des Bundesrates bedarf, bestimmt. In den Fällen des Satzes 1 können aufenthaltsbeendende Maßnahmen unabhängig von einem hiergegen eingelegten Rechtsbehelf vollzogen werden. (3) Durch Gesetz, das der Zustimmung des Bundesrates bedarf, können Staaten bestimmt werden, bei denen auf Grund der Rechtslage, der Rechtsanwendung und der allgemeinen politischen Verhältnisse gewährleistet erscheint, daß dort weder politische Verfolgung noch unmenschliche oder erniedrigende Bestrafung oder Behandlung stattfindet. Es wird vermutet, daß ein Ausländer aus einem solchen Staat nicht verfolgt wird, solange er nicht Tatsachen vorträgt, die die Annahme begründen, daß er entgegen dieser Vermutung politisch verfolgt wird. (4) Die Vollziehung aufenthaltsbeendender Maßnahmen wird in den Fällen des Absatzes 3 und in anderen Fällen, die offensichtlich unbegründet sind oder als offensichtlich unbegründet gelten, durch das Gericht nur ausgesetzt, wenn ernstliche Zweifel an der Rechtmäßigkeit der Maßnahme bestehen; der Prüfungsumfang kann eingeschränkt werden und verspätetes Vorbringen unberücksichtigt bleiben. Das Nähere ist durch Gesetz zu bestimmen. (5) Die Absätze 1 bis 4 stehen völkerrechtlichen Verträgen von Mitgliedstaaten der Europäischen Gemeinschaften untereinander und mit dritten Staaten nicht entgegen, die unter Beachtung der Verpflichtungen aus dem Abkommen über die Rechtsstellung der Flüchtlinge und der Konvention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten, deren Anwendung in den Vertragsstaaten sichergestellt sein muß, Zuständigkeitsregelungen für die Prüfung von Asylbegehren einschließlich der gegenseitigen Anerkennung von Asylentscheidungen treffen.

    • Preamble to the Constitution of 27 October 1946
      Land:
      France

      § 4 Any man persecuted in virtue of his actions in favour of liberty may claim the right of asylum upon the territories of the Republic.

    • Préambule de la Constitution du 27 octobre 1946
      Land:
      France

      § 4Tout homme persécuté en raison de son action en faveur de la liberté a droit d'asile sur les territoires de la République.

    • Aliens Act
      Land:
      Finland

      Section 1 The purpose of this Act is to implement and promote good governance and legal protection in matters concerning aliens. In addition, the purpose of the Act is to promote managed immigration and provision of international protection with respect for human rights and basic rights and in consideration of international agreements binding on Finland. Section 2 This Act and any provisions issued under it apply to aliens’ entry into and departure from Finland and their residence and employment in Finland.  

    • Constitution of Finland
      Land:
      Finland

      Section 9 Freedom of movement Finnish citizens and foreigners legally resident in Finland have the right to freely move within the country and to choose their place of residence. Everyone has the right to leave the country. Limitations on this right may be provided by an Act, if they are necessary for the purpose of safeguarding legal proceedings or for the enforcement of penalties or for the fulfilment of the duty of national defence. Finnish citizens shall not be prevented from entering Finland or deported or extradited or transferred from Finland to another country against their will. However, it may be laid down by an Act that due to a criminal act, for the purpose of legal proceedings, or in order to enforce a decision concerning the custody or care of a child, a Finnish citizen can be extradited or transferred to a country in which his or her human rights and legal protection are guaranteed. The right of foreigners to enter Finland and to remain in the country is regulated by an Act. A foreigner shall not be deported, extradited or returned to another country, if in consequence he or she is in danger of a death sentence, torture or other treatment violating human dignity. 

    • Suomen perustuslaki
      Land:
      Finland

      9 § Liikkumisvapaus Suomen kansalaisella ja maassa laillisesti oleskelevalla ulkomaalaisella on vapaus liikkua maassa ja valita asuinpaikkansa. Jokaisella on oikeus lähteä maasta. Tähän oikeuteen voidaan lailla säätää välttämättömiä rajoituksia oikeudenkäynnin tai rangaistuksen täytäntöönpanon varmistamiseksi taikka maanpuolustusvelvollisuuden täyttämisen turvaamiseksi. Suomen kansalaista ei saa estää saapumasta maahan, karkottaa maasta eikä vastoin tahtoaan luovuttaa tai siirtää toiseen maahan. Lailla voidaan kuitenkin säätää, että Suomen kansalainen voidaan rikoksen johdosta tai oikeudenkäyntiä varten taikka lapsen huoltoa tai hoitoa koskevan päätöksen täytäntöönpanemiseksi luovuttaa tai siirtää maahan, jossa hänen ihmisoikeutensa ja oikeusturvansa on taattu. Ulkomaalaisen oikeudesta tulla Suomeen ja oleskella maassa säädetään lailla. Ulkomaalaista ei saa karkottaa, luovuttaa tai palauttaa, jos häntä tämän vuoksi uhkaa kuolemanrangaistus, kidutus tai muu ihmisarvoa loukkaava kohtelu. 

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