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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Articolul 50 - Dreptul de a nu fi judecat sau condamnat de două ori pentru aceeași infracțiune

Articolul 50 - Dreptul de a nu fi judecat sau condamnat de două ori pentru aceeași infracțiune

Nimeni nu poate fi judecat sau condamnat pentru o infracțiune pentru care a fost deja achitat sau condamnat în cadrul Uniunii, prin hotărâre judecătorească definitivă, în conformitate cu legea.

    • Text:

      Articolul 4 din Protocolul nr. 7 la CEDO are următorul text:

      `(1) Nimeni nu poate fi urmărit sau pedepsit penal de către jurisdicţiile aceluiaşi Stat pentru săvârşirea infracţiunii pentru care a fost deja achitat sau condamnat printr-o hotărâre definitivă conform legii şi procedurii penale ale acestui Stat.

      (2) Dispoziţiile paragrafului precedent nu împiedică redeschiderea procesului, conform legii şi procedurii penale a Statului respectiv, dacă fapte noi sau recent descoperite sau un viciu fundamental în cadrul procedurii precedente sunt de natură să afecteze hotărârea pronunţată.

      (3) Nicio derogare de la prezentul articol nu este îngăduită în temeiul art. 15 din convenţie`.

      Regula `non bis in idem` se aplică în dreptul Uniunii (a se vedea, în cadrul unei jurisprudenţe considerabile, hotărârea din 5 mai 1966, în cauzele 18/65 şi 35/65, Gutmann/Comisie, Rec. 1966, p. 150 şi într-o cauză recentă, hotărârea Tribunalului de Primă Instanţă din 20 aprilie 1999, în cauzele conexate T-305/94 şi altele, Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV/Comisia, Rec. 1999, p. II-931). Se precizează faptul că regula ce interzice cumulul se referă la două sancţiuni de aceeaşi natură, în cazul de faţă penale.

      În conformitate cu articolul 50, regula `non bis in idem` nu se aplică numai în cadrul jurisdicţiei aceluiaşi stat, ci şi în cel al jurisdicţiilor mai multor state membre. Acest lucru corespunde acquis-ului; a se vedea articolele 54-58 din Convenţia privind punerea în aplicare a Acordului Schengen şi hotărârea Curţii de Justiţie din 11 februarie 2003 în cauza C-187/01 Gözütok (Rec. 2003, p. I-1345), articolul 7 din Convenţia privind protejarea intereselor financiare ale Comunităţii şi articolul 10 din Convenţia privind lupta împotriva corupţiei. Excepţiile limitate prin care aceste convenţii le permit statelor membre derogarea de la regula `non bis in idem` sunt acoperite de clauza orizontală din articolul 52 alineatul (1) privind restrângerile. În ceea ce priveşte situaţiile menţionate la articolul 4 din Protocolul nr. 7, şi anume aplicarea principiului în cadrul aceluiaşi stat membru, dreptul garantat are acelaşi înţeles şi domeniu de aplicare ca şi dreptul corespondent din CEDO.

      Source:
      Jurnalul Oficial al Uniunii Europene C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Explicaţiile redate în continuare au fost redactate iniţial sub autoritatea prezidiului Convenţiei care a elaborat Carta drepturilor fundamentale a Uniunii Europene. Acestea au fost actualizate sub autoritatea prezidiului Convenţiei Europene, având în vedere adaptarea de către respectiva Convenţie a textului cartei (în special la articolele 51 şi 52), precum şi evoluţia dreptului Uniunii. Cu toate că aceste explicaţii nu au valoare juridică în sine, acestea constituie un preţios instrument de interpretare destinat clarificării dispoziţiilor cartei.
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