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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Artikolu 12 - Il-libertà ta' għaqda u ta' assoċjazzjoni

Artikolu 12 - Il-libertà ta' għaqda u ta' assoċjazzjoni

1. Kull persuna għandha d-dritt għal-libertà ta' għaqda paċifika u għal-libertà ta' assoċjazzjoni f'kull livell, b'mod partikolari fil-qasam politiku, tat-trade unions, u ċiviku, li jimplika d-dritt ta' kull persuna li tifforma trade unions flimkien ma' oħrajn u li tissieħeb magħhom għall-protezzjoni ta' l-interessi tagħha.

2. Il-partiti politiċi fil-livell ta' l-Unjoni jikkontribwixxu għall-espressjoni tar-rieda politika taċċittadini ta' l-Unjoni.

    • Text:

      1. Il-paragrafu 1 ta' dan l-Artikolu jikkorrispondi għall-Artikolu 11 tal-KEDB, li jgħid hekk:
      `1. Kulħadd għandu d-dritt għal-libertà ta' għaqda paċifika u għal-libertà ta' assoċjazzjoni ma' oħrajn, inkluż id-dritt li wieħed jifforma u jidħol fi trade unions għall-protezzjoni ta' l-interessi tiegħu.
      2. Ma għandu jkun hemm ebda restrizzjonijiet fuq l-eżerċizzju ta' dawn id-drittijiet ħlief dawk li jkunu preskritti b'liġi u li jkunu meħtieġa f'soċjetà demokratika fl-interessi tas-sigurtà nazzjonali jew tas-sigurtà pubblika, biex jiġi evitat id-diżordni jew l-egħmil ta' delitti, għall-protezzjoni tas-saħħa jew tal-morali jew għall-protezzjoni tad-drittijiet u l-libertajiet ta' ħaddieħor. Dan l-Artikolu ma għandux jimpedixxi l-imposizzjoni ta' restrizzjonijiet skond il-liġi fuq l-eżerċizzju ta' dawn id-drittijiet minn membri tal-Forzi Armati, tal-Pulizija jew ta' l-amministrazzjoni ta' l-Istat`.
      Is-sens tad-dispożizzjonijiet ta' dan l-Artikolu 12(1) hu l-istess bħal dak tal-KEDB, iżda l-ambitu tagħhom hu aktar wiesa' ladarba jistgħu japplikaw fil-livelli kollha inkluż il-livell Ewropew. Skond l-Artikolu 52(3) tal-Karta, il-limitazzjonijiet fuq dak id-dritt ma jistgħux jeċċedu dawk li huma kkunsidrati leġittimi bis-saħħa ta' l-Artikolu 11(2) tal-KEDB.
      2. Dan id-dritt hu bbażat ukoll fuq l-Artikolu 11 tal-Karta Komunitarja dwar id-Drittijiet Soċjali Fundamentali tal-Ħaddiema.
      3. Il-paragrafu 2 ta' dan l-Artikolu jikkorrispondi għall-Artikolu 10(4) tat-Trattat dwar l-Unjoni Ewropea.

      Source:
      Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Dawn l-ispjegazzjonijiet ġew imħejjija oriġinarjament taħt ir-responsabbiltà tal-Praesidium tal-Konvenzjoni li abbozza l-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea. Huma ġew aġġornati taħt ir-responsabbiltà tal-Praesidium tal-Konvenzjoni Ewropea, fid-dawl ta' l-aġġustamenti li saru għat-test tal-Karta minn dik il-Konvenzjoni (partikolarment fl-Artikoli (51 U 52) u ta' l-evoluzzjoni fil-liġi ta' l-Unjoni. Għalkemm dawn l-ispjegazzjonijiet m'għandhomx fihom infushom l-istatus ta' liġi, huma mezz siewi ta' interpretazzjoni intiż sabiex ikunu ċċarati d-dispożizzjonijiet tal-Karta.

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    66 results found

    • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
      Pajjiż:
      Germany

      Article 8 (1) All Germans shall have the right to assemble peacefully and unarmed without prior notification or permission. (2) In the case of outdoor assemblies, this right may be restricted by or pursuant to a law. Article 9 (1) All Germans shall have the right to form corporations and other associations. (2) Associations whose aims or activities contravene the criminal laws, or that are directed against the constitutional order or the concept of international understanding, shall be prohibited. (3) The right to form associations to safeguard and improve working and economic conditions shall be guaranteed to every individual and to every occupation or profession. Agreements that restrict or seek to impair this right shall be null and void; measures directed to this end shall be unlawful. Measures taken pursuant to Article 12a, to paragraphs (2) and (3) of Article 35, to paragraph (4) of Article 87a, or to Article 91 may not be directed against industrial disputes engaged in by associations within the meaning of the first sentence of this paragraph in order to safeguard and improve working and economic conditions. Article 17a (1) Laws regarding military and alternative service may provide that the basic right of members of the Armed Forces and of alternative service freely to express and disseminate their opinions in speech, writing and pictures (first clause of paragraph (1) of Article 5), the basic right of assembly (Article 8), and the right of petition (Article 17) insofar as it permits the submission of requests or complaints jointly with others, be restricted during their period of military or alternative service. (...) Article 21 (1) Political parties shall participate in the formation of the political will of the people. They may be freely established. Their internal organisation must conform to democratic principles. They must publicly account for their assets and for the sources and use of their funds. (2) Parties that, by reason of their aims or the behaviour of their adherents, seek to undermine or abolish the free democratic basic order or to endanger the existence of the Federal Republic of Germany shall be unconstitutional. The Federal Constitutional Court shall rule on the question of unconstitutionality. (3) Details shall be regulated by federal laws.

    • Code pénal
      Pajjiż:
      France

      Article 431-1 Le fait d'entraver, d'une manière concertée et à l'aide de menaces, l'exercice de la liberté d'expression, du travail, d'association, de réunion ou de manifestation est puni d'un an d'emprisonnement et de 15000 euros d'amende. Le fait d'entraver, d'une manière concertée et à l'aide de coups, violences, voies de fait, destructions ou dégradations au sens du présent code, l'exercice d'une des libertés visées à l'alinéa précédent est puni de trois ans d'emprisonnement et de 45000 euros d'amende.

    • Constitution
      Pajjiż:
      France

      Article 4Les partis et groupements politiques concourent à l'expression du suffrage. Ils se forment et exercent leur activité librement. Ils doivent respecter les principes de la souveraineté nationale et de la démocratie. Ils contribuent à la mise en oeuvre du principe énoncé au second alinéa de l'article 1er dans les conditions déterminées par la loi. La loi garantit les expressions pluralistes des opinions et la participation équitable des partis et groupements politiques à la vie démocratique de la Nation.

    • Constitution
      Pajjiż:
      France

      Article 4 Political parties and groups shall contribute to the exercise of suffrage. They shall be formed and carry on their activities freely. They shall respect the principles of national sovereignty and democracy.
      They shall contribute to the implementation of the principle set out in the second paragraph of article 1 as provided for by statute.
      Statutes shall guarantee the expression of diverse opinions and the equitable participation of political parties and groups in the democratic life of the Nation.

    • Penal Code
      Pajjiż:
      France

      Article 431-1 Concerted obstruction, with the use of threats, to the exercise of the freedom of expression, labour, association, assembly or demonstration is punished by one year’s imprisonment and a fine of € 15,000. Concerted obstruction to the exercise of one of the freedoms referred to under the previous paragraph with the use of blows, acts of violence, or acts of destruction or damage within the meaning of the present Code is punished by three years’ imprisonment and a fine of € 45,000.

    • Constitution of Finland
      Pajjiż:
      Finland

      Section 13 Freedom of assembly and freedom of association Everyone has the right to arrange meetings and demonstrations without a permit, as well as the right to participate in them. Everyone has the freedom of association. Freedom of association entails the right to form an association without a permit, to be a member or not to be a member of an association and to participate in the activities of an association. The freedom to form trade unions and to organise in order to look after other interests is likewise guaranteed. More detailed provisions on the exercise of the freedom of assembly and the freedom of association are laid down by an Act.

    • Suomen perustuslaki
      Pajjiż:
      Finland

      13 § Kokoontumis- ja yhdistymisvapaus Jokaisella on oikeus lupaa hankkimatta järjestää kokouksia ja mielenosoituksia sekä osallistua niihin. Jokaisella on yhdistymisvapaus. Yhdistymisvapauteen sisältyy oikeus ilman lupaa perustaa yhdistys, kuulua tai olla kuulumatta yhdistykseen ja osallistua yhdistyksen toimintaan. Samoin on turvattu ammatillinen yhdistymisvapaus ja vapaus järjestäytyä muiden etujen valvomiseksi. Tarkempia säännöksiä kokoontumisvapauden ja yhdistymisvapauden käyttämisestä annetaan lailla.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Estonia
      Pajjiż:
      Estonia

      Article 29. Every citizen of Estonia is entitled to freely choose his or her area of activity, profession and position of employment. The law may provide conditions and procedures for the exercise of this right. Unless otherwise provided by law, citizens of foreign states and stateless persons in Estonia enjoy this right equally with citizens of Estonia.
      No one may be compelled to perform work or service against his or her free will, except for service in the defence forces or alternative service, or work required to prevent the spread of an infectious disease or to contain a natural disaster or catastrophe, or work which a convicted offender is required to perform according to the law and pursuant to a procedure established by law.
      The national government organises vocational training and assists persons who seek employment in finding work.
      Working conditions are overseen by the national government.
      Everyone is free to belong to unions and federations of employees and employers. Unions and federations of employees and employers may assert their rights and lawful interests by means which are not prohibited by law. The conditions and procedure for the exercise of the right to strike are provided by law.
      The procedure for resolution of labour disputes is provided by law.
      Article 47. Everyone has the right to assemble peacefully and to conduct meetings without prior permission. This right may be circumscribed in the cases and pursuant to a procedure provided by law to safeguard national security, maintain public order, uphold public morality, ensure the safety of traffic and the safety of participants of the meeting, or to prevent the spread of an infectious disease.
      Article 48. Everyone has the right to form non-profit associations and federations. Only citizens of Estonia may belong to political parties.
      The establishment of associations and federations which possess weapons, which are organised in accordance with military principles or which hold exercises of a military nature requires a prior authorisation whose conditions of issuance and procedure of issuance are provided by law.
      Associations, federations and political parties whose aims or activities are directed at changing the constitutional order of Estonia by force or are otherwise in conflict with a law providing criminal liability, are prohibited.
      Only a court may terminate or suspend the activities of an association, federation or political party for a violation of the law, or order the association, federation or political party to pay a fine.

    • Eesti Vabariigi Põhiseadus
      Pajjiż:
      Estonia

      § 29. Eesti kodanikul on õigus vabalt valida tegevusala, elukutset ja töökohta. Seadus võib sätestada selle õiguse kasutamise tingimused ja korra. Kui seadus ei sätesta teisiti, siis on see õigus võrdselt Eesti kodanikuga ka Eestis viibival välisriigi kodanikul ja kodakondsuseta isikul. Kedagi ei tohi sundida tema vaba tahte vastaselt tööle ega teenistusse, välja arvatud kaitseväeteenistus või selle asendusteenistus, tööd nakkushaiguse leviku tõkestamisel, loodusõnnetuse ja katastroofi korral ning töö, mida seaduse alusel ja korras peab tegema süüdimõistetu. Riik korraldab kutseõpet ja abistab tööotsijaid töö leidmisel. Töötingimused on riigi kontrolli all. Töötajate ja tööandjate ühingutesse ja liitudesse kuulumine on vaba. Töötajate ja tööandjate ühingud ja liidud võivad oma õiguste ja seaduslike huvide eest seista vahenditega, mida seadus ei keela. Streigiõiguse kasutamise tingimused ja korra sätestab seadus. Töövaidluste lahendamise korra sätestab seadus.
      § 47. Kõigil on õigus ilma eelneva loata rahumeelselt koguneda ja koosolekuid pidada. Seda õigust võib seaduses sätestatud juhtudel ja korras piirata riigi julgeoleku, avaliku korra, kõlbluse, liiklusohutuse ja koosolekust osavõtjate ohutuse tagamiseks ning nakkushaiguse leviku tõkestamiseks.
      § 48. Igaühel on õigus koonduda mittetulundusühingutesse ja -liitudesse. Erakondadesse võivad kuuluda ainult Eesti kodanikud. Relvi valdavate, samuti sõjaväeliselt korraldatud või sõjalisi harjutusi harrastavate ühingute ja liitude loomiseks on nõutav eelnev luba, mille andmise tingimused ja korra sätestab seadus. Keelatud on ühingud, liidud ja erakonnad, kelle eesmärgid või tegevus on suunatud Eesti põhiseadusliku korra vägivaldsele muutmisele või on muul viisil vastuolus kriminaalvastutust sätestava seadusega. Ainult kohus võib õiguserikkumise eest ühingu, liidu või erakonna tegevuse lõpetada või peatada, samuti teda trahvida.

    • Danmarks Riges Grundlov
      Pajjiż:
      Denmark

      § 78. Stk. 1. Borgerne har ret til uden forudgående tilladelse at danne foreninger i ethvert lovligt øjemed. Stk. 2. Foreninger, der virker ved eller søger at nå deres mål ved vold, anstiftelse af vold eller lignende strafbar påvirkning af anderledes tænkende, bliver at opløse ved dom. Stk. 3. Ingen forening kan opløses ved en regeringsforanstaltning. Dog kan en forening foreløbig forbydes, men der skal da straks anlægges sag imod den til dens opløsning. Stk. 4. Sager om opløsning af politiske foreninger skal uden særlig tilladelse kunne indbringes for rigets øverste domstol. Stk. 5. Opløsningens retsvirkninger fastsættes nærmere ved lov.
      § 79. Borgerne har ret til uden forudgående tilladelse at samle sig ubevæbnede. Offentlige forsamlinger har politiet ret til at overvære. Forsamlinger under åben himmel kan forbydes, når der af dem kan befrygtes fare for den offentlige fred.
      § 80. Ved opløb må den væbnede magt, når den ikke angribes, kun skride ind, efter at mængden tre gange i kongens og lovens navn forgæves er opfordret til at skilles.
      § 85. For forsvarsmagten er de i §§ 71, 78 og 79 givne bestemmelser kun anvendelige med de indskrænkninger, der følger af de militære loves forskrifter.

    • The Constitutional Act of Denmark
      Pajjiż:
      Denmark

      Section 78. Subsection 1. Citizens shall, without previous permission, be free to form associations for any lawful purpose. Subsection 2. Associations employing violence, or aiming at the attainment of their object by violence, by instigation to violence, or by similar punishable influence on persons holding other views, shall be dissolved by court judgement. Subsection 3. No association shall be dissolved by any government measure; but an association may be temporarily prohibited, provided that immediate proceedings be taken for its dissolution. Subsection 4. Cases relating to the dissolution of political associations may, without special permission, be brought before the Highest Court of Justice of the Realm. Subsection 5. The legal effects of the dissolution shall be determined by statute.
      Section 79. Citizens shall, without previous permission, be at liberty to assemble unarmed. The police shall be entitled to be present at public meetings. Open-air meetings may be prohibited when it is feared that they may constitute a danger to the public peace.
      Section 80. In the event of riots, the armed forces may only take action, if they are attacked, after the crowd has been called upon three times to disperse in the name of the King and the law and such a warning has gone unheeded.
      Section 85. The provisions of Sections 71, 78, and 79 shall be applicable only to the armed forces, subject to such limitations as are consequential to the provisions of military laws.

    • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
      Pajjiż:
      Cyprus

      Article 21
      1. Every person has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly.
      2. Every person has the right to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. Notwithstanding any restriction under paragraph 3 of this Article, no person shall be compelled to join any association or to continue to be a member thereof.
      3. No restrictions shall be placed on the exercise of these rights other than such as are prescribed by law and are absolutely necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or for the protection of the rights and liberties guaranteed by this Constitution to any person, whether or not such person participates in such assembly or is a member of such association.
      4. Any association the object or activities of which are contrary to the constitutional order is prohibited.
      5. A law may provide for the imposition of restrictions on the exercise of these rights by members of the armed forces, the police or gendarmerie.
      6. Subject to the provisions of any law regulating the establishment or incorporation, membership (including rights and obligations of members), management and administration, and winding up and dissolution, the provisions of this Article shall also apply to the formation of companies, societies and other associations functioning for profit.

    • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
      Pajjiż:
      Cyprus

      ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 21
      1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα του συνέρχεσθαι ειρηνικώς.
      2. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα του συνεταιρίζεσθαι μετ’ άλλων περιλαμβανομένου του δικαιώματος ιδρύσεως συντεχνιών και προσχωρήσεως εις ταύτας προς προστασίαν των ιδίων αυτού συμφερόντων. Παρά τους κατά την τρίτην παράγραφον του παρόντος άρθρου περιορισμούς, ουδείς εξαναγκάζεται να προσχωρήσει εις οιονδήποτε συνεταιρισμόν ή να συνεχίση να μετέχη αυτού ως μέλος.
      3. Ουδείς άλλος περιορισμός επιβάλλεται επί της ασκήσεως των δικαιωμάτων τούτων πλην των υπό του νόμου καθοριζομένων, απολύτως δε αναγκαίων μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή της προστασίας των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των ηγγυημένων υπό του παρόντος Συντάγματος εις παν πρόσωπον είτε το πρόσωπον τούτο μετέχει τοιαύτης συγκεντρώσεως ή είναι μέλος τοιούτου συνεταιρισμού, είτε ου.
      4. Απαγορεύεται πας συνεταιρισμός έχων αντικείμενον ή δράσιν αντιθέτους προς την συνταγματικήν τάξιν.
      5. Ο νόμος δύναται να υποβάλη εις περιορισμούς την άσκησιν των δικαιωμάτων τούτων υπό προσώπων ανηκόντων εις τας ενόπλους δυνάμεις, την αστυνομίας ή την χωροφυλακήν.
      6. Αι διατάξεις του παρόντος άρθρου εφαρμόζονται επίσης επί συστάσεως εταιρειών παντός είδους και άλλων κερδοσκοπικών συνεταιρισμών, τηρουμένων των διατάξεων οιουδήποτε νόμου ρυθμίζοντος τα της ιδρύσεως ή τα της κτήσεως της νομικής προσωπικότητος, τα των μετεχόντων μελών, περιλαμβανομένων των δικαιωμάτων και υποχρεώσεων τούτων, τα της διαχειρίσεως και διοικήσεως και τα της εκκαθαρίσεως και διαλύσεως αυτών.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Croatia
      Pajjiż:
      Croatia

      Article 42
      Everyone shall be guaranteed the right to public assembly and peaceful protest, in compliance with law.

      Article 43
      Everyone shall be guaranteed the right to freedom of association for the purposes of
      protection of common interests or promotion of social, economic, political, national, cultural and other convictions and aims. For this purpose, anyone may freely form trade unions and
      other associations, join them or leave them, in compliance with law.
      The right to free association shall be restricted by the prohibition of any violent threat to the democratic constitutional order and the independence, unity, and territorial integrity of the
      Republic of Croatia.

    • Ustav Republike Hrvatske
      Pajjiż:
      Croatia

      Članak 42.
      Svakom se priznaje pravo na javno okupljanje i mirni prosvjed u skladu sa zakonom.

      Članak 43.
      Svakom se jamči pravo na slobodno udruživanje radi zaštite njihovih probitaka ili zauzimanja za socijalna, gospodarska, politička, nacionalna, kulturna ili druga uvjerenja i ciljeve. Radi toga svatko može
      slobodno osnivati sindikate i druge udruge, uključivati se u njih ili iz njih istupati u skladu sa zakonom.
      Pravo slobodnog udruživanja ograničeno je zabranom nasilnog ugrožavanja demokratskoga ustavnog poretka, te neovisnosti, jedinstvenosti i teritorijalne cjelovitosti Republike Hrvatske.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria
      Pajjiż:
      Bulgaria

      Art. 11. (1) Political activity in the Republic of Bulgaria shall be founded on the principle of political pluralism. (2) No political party or ideology shall be proclaimed or affirmed as a party or ideology of the State. (3) All parties shall facilitate the formation and expression of the citizens' political will. The procedure applying to the formation and dissolution of political parties and the conditions pertaining to their activity shall be established by law. (4) There shall be no political parties on ethnic, racial or religious lines, nor parties which seek the violent seizure of state power. Art. 12. (1) Associations of citizens shall serve to meet and safeguard their interests. (2) Associations, including trade unions, shall not pursue any political objectives, nor shall they engage in any political activity which is in the domain of the political parties. [...] Art. 19. [...] (4) The law shall establish conditions conducive to the setting up of cooperatives and other forms of association of citizens and legal entities in the pursuit of economic and social prosperity.(...)Art. 43. (1) All citizens shall have the right to peaceful and unarmed assembly for meetings and demonstrations. (2) The procedure for the organizing and holding of meetings and demonstrations shall be established by law. (3) No notice to the municipal authorities shall be required for meetings held indoors.Art. 44. (1) All citizens shall be free to associate. (2) The organization/s activity shall not be contrary to the country's sovereignty and national integrity, or the unity of the nation, nor shall it incite racial, national, ethnic or religious enmity or an encroachment on the rights and freedoms of citizens; no organization shall establish clandestine or paramilitary structures or shall seek to attain its aims through violence. (3) The law shall establish which organizations shall be subject to registration, the procedure for their termination, and their relationships with the State. [...] Art. 49. (1) Workers and employees shall be free to form trade union organizations and alliances in defence of their interests related to work and social security. (2) Employers shall be free to associate in defence of their economic interests.

    • КОНСТИТУЦИЯ на Република България
      Pajjiż:
      Bulgaria

      Чл. 11. (1) Политическият живот в Република България се основава върху принципа на политическия плурализъм.(2) Нито една политическа партия или идеология не може да се обявява или утвърждава за държавна. (3) Партиите съдействуват за формиране и изразяване на политическата воля на гражданите. Редът за образуване и прекратяване на политически партии, както и условията за тяхната дейност се уреждат със закон. (4) Не могат да се образуват политически партии на етническа, расова или верска основа, както и партии, които си поставят за цел насилствено завземане на държавната власт. Чл. 12. (1) Сдруженията на гражданите служат за задоволяване и защита на техните интереси. (2) Сдруженията на гражданите, включително синдикалните, не могат да си поставят политически цели и да извършват политическа дейност, присъщи само на политическите партии. [...] Чл. 19. [...] (4) Законът създава условия за коопериране и други форми на сдружаване на гражданите и юридическите лица за постигане на стопански и социален напредък. [...] Чл. 43. (1) Гражданите имат право да се събират мирно и без оръжие на събрания и манифестации. (2) Редът за организиране и провеждане на събрания и манифестации се определя със закон. (3) За събрания на закрито не се изисква разрешение.Чл. 44. (1) Гражданите могат свободно да се сдружават. (2) Забраняват се организации, чиято дейност е насочена срещу суверенитета, териториалната цялост на страната и единството на нацията, към разпалване на расова, национална, етническа или религиозна вражда, към нарушаване на правата и свободите на гражданите, както и организации, които създават тайни или военизирани структури, или се стремят да постигнат целите си чрез насилие. (3) Законът определя организациите, които подлежат на регистрация, реда за тяхното прекратяване, както и взаимоотношенията им с държавата. [...] Чл. 49. (1) Работниците и служителите имат право да се сдружават в синдикални организации и съюзи за защита на своите интереси в областта на труда и социалното осигуряване. (2) Работодателите имат право да се сдружават за защита на своите стопански интереси.

    • De Belgische Grondwet
      Pajjiż:
      Belgium

      Artikel 26De Belgen hebben het recht vreedzaam en ongewapend te vergaderen, mits zij zich gedragen naar de wetten, die het uitoefenen van dit recht kunnen regelen zonder het echter aan een voorafgaand verlof te onderwerpen.Deze bepaling is niet van toepassing op bijeenkomsten in de open lucht, die ten volle aan de politiewetten onderworpen blijven. Artikel 27De Belgen hebben het recht van vereniging; dit recht kan niet aan enige preventieve maatregel worden onderworpen.

    • La Constitution Belge
      Pajjiż:
      Belgium

      Article 26Les Belges ont le droit de s'assembler paisiblement et sans armes, en se conformant aux lois qui peuvent régler l'exercice de ce droit, sans néanmoins le soumettre à une autorisation préalable.Cette disposition ne s'applique point aux rassemblements en plein air, qui restent entièrement soumis aux lois de police. Article 27Les Belges ont le droit de s'associer; ce droit ne peut être soumis à aucune mesure préventive.

    • The Belgian Constitution
      Pajjiż:
      Belgium

      Article 26.Belgians have the right to gather peaceably and without arms, in accordance with the laws that regulate the exercise of this right, without submitting it to prior authorization. This provision does not apply to open air meetings, which are entirely subject to police regulations. Article 27.Belgians have the right to enter into association or partnership; this right cannot be subject to any preventive measure.

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