Help us make the FRA website better for you!

Take part in a one-to-one session and help us improve the FRA website. It will take about 30 minutes of your time.

YES, I AM INTERESTED NO, I AM NOT INTERESTED

eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Artikel 16 - Frihed til at oprette og drive egen virksomhed

Artikel 16 - Frihed til at oprette og drive egen virksomhed

Friheden til at oprette og drive egen virksomhed anerkendes i overensstemmelse med EU-retten og national lovgivning og praksis.

    • Text:

      Denne artikel er baseret på Domstolens retspraksis, der anerkender friheden til at udøve økonomisk virksomhed og handelsvirksomhed (se dom af 14. maj 1974, sag 4/73, Nold, Sml. 1974, s. 491, præmis 14, og dom af 27. september 1979, sag 230/78, SpA Eridania m.fl., Sml. 1979, s. 2749, præmis 20 og 31) og aftalefriheden (se bl.a. dom i sagen Sukkerfabrikken Nykøbing Limiteret mod Landbrugsministeriet, sag 151/78, Sml. 1979, s. 1, præmis 19, og dom af 5. oktober 1999, sag C-240/97, Spanien mod Kommissionen, Sml. I, s. 6571, præmis 99), samt på artikel 119, stk. 1 og 3, i traktaten om Den Europæiske Unions funktionsmåde, der anerkender den fri konkurrence. Denne ret udøves naturligvis under overholdelse af EU-retten og medlemsstaternes lovgivning. Den kan underkastes de begrænsninger, der er fastsat i chartrets artikel 52, stk. 1.

      Source:
      Den Europæiske Unions Tidende C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Disse forklaringer blev oprindelig udarbejdet under præsidiet for den forsamling, der udarbejdede chartret om grundlæggende rettigheder. De er blevet ajourført under Det Europæiske Konvents præsidiums ansvar i lyset af de udkast til tilpasninger, som konventet har foretaget i charterteksten (især i artikel 51 og 52) og videreudviklingen af EU-retten. Selv om forklaringerne ikke i sig selv har retskraft, udgør de et værdifuldt fortolkningsinstrument beregnet til nærmere præcisering af chartrets bestemmelser.
    • A Sp. z o.o. z siedzibą w B.-B., Director of the Customs Chamber in Krakow
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Supreme Administrative Court
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Anonymous plaintiff v. Higher Regional Court Celle (Oberlandesgericht Celle)
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Federal Constitutional Court
      Type:
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:DE:BVerfG:2019:rs20191106.1bvr027617
    • AV, BU v Comune di Bernareggio, joined parties: CT
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Advocate General
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2019:812
    • Limited company titled “…” v. Greek National Council for Radio and Television
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Council of State
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • PI v Landespolizeidirektion Tirol
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Sixth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Enterprise
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2019:383
    • Nova Kreditna Banka Maribor d.d. v Republika Slovenija
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Fourth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:901
    • Anodiki Services EPE v G.N.A. O Evangelismos – Ofthalmiatreio Athinon – Polykliniki and Geniko Ogkologiko Nosokomeio Kifisias – (GONK) 'Oi Agioi Anargyroi'
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Ninth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:864
    • Nova Kreditna Banka Maribor d.d. v Republika Slovenija
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Advocate General
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:664
    • UAB ‘Spika’ and Others v Žuvininkystės tarnyba prie Lietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijos
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Fifth Chamber
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Maritime Affairs And Fisheries
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:565
    • European Commission v Federal Republic of Germany
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Ninth Chamber)
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      Environment
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:481

    47 results found

    • Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania
      Land:
      Lithuania

      Article 46. The economy of Lithuania shall be based on the right of private ownership, freedom of individual economic activity, and economic initiative. The State shall support economic efforts and initiative that are useful to society. The State shall regulate economic activity so that it serves the general welfare of the Nation. The law shall prohibit the monopolisation of production and the market, and shall protect freedom of fair competition. The State shall defend the interests of the consumer. Article 48. Everyone may freely choose a job or business, and shall have the right to have proper, safe, and healthy conditions at work, as well as to receive fair pay for work and social security in the event of unemployment.

    • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
      Land:
      Lithuania

      46 straipsnis. Lietuvos ūkis grindžiamas privačios nuosavybės teise, asmens ūkinės veiklos laisve ir iniciatyva. Valstybė remia visuomenei naudingas ūkines pastangas ir iniciatyvą. Valstybė reguliuoja ūkinę veiklą taip, kad ji tarnautų bendrai tautos gerovei. Įstatymas draudžia monopolizuoti gamybą ir rinką, saugo sąžiningos konkurencijos laisvę. Valstybė gina vartotojo interesus. 48 straipsnis. Kiekvienas žmogus gali laisvai pasirinkti darbą bei verslą ir turi teisę turėti tinkamas, saugias ir sveikas darbo sąlygas, gauti teisingą apmokėjimą už darbą ir socialinę apsaugą nedarbo atveju.

    • Constitution of the Italian Republic
      Land:
      Italy

       Art. 41. Private economic enterprise is free. It may not be carried out against the common good or in such a manner that could damage safety, liberty and human dignity.
      The law shall provide for appropriate programmes and controls so that public and private-sector economic activity may be oriented and co-ordinated for social purposes.

    • Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana
      Land:
      Italy

      Art. 41. L'iniziativa economica privata è libera.Non può svolgersi in contrasto con l'utilità; sociale o in modo da recare danno alla sicurezza, alla libertà, alla dignità umana. La legge determina i programmi e i controlli opportuni perché l'attività economica pubblica e privata possa essere indirizzata e coordinata a fini sociali.

    • Constitution of Ireland
      Land:
      Ireland

      Article 45.2. The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing:(...) iii. That, especially, the operation of free competition shall not be allowed so to develop as to result in the concentration of the ownership or control of essential commodities in a few individuals to the common detriment. Article 45.3.1. The State shall favour and, where necessary, supplement private initiative in industry and commerce. Article 45.3.2. The state shall endeavour to secure that private enterprise shall be so conducted as to ensure reasonable efficiency in the production and distribution of goods and as to protect the public against unjust exploitation.

    • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
      Land:
      Hungary

      M) cikk (Alapvetés) (1) Magyarország gazdasága az értékteremtő munkán és a vállalkozás szabadságán alapszik. […]

      XI. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) […] (3) Törvény a felsőfokú oktatásban való részesülés anyagi támogatását meghatározott időtartamú olyan foglalkoztatásban való részvételhez, illetve vállalkozási tevékenység gyakorlásához kötheti, amelyet a magyar jog szabályoz.
      XII. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) (1) Mindenkinek joga van a munka és a foglalkozás szabad megválasztásához, valamint a vállalkozáshoz. Képességeinek és lehetőségeinek megfelelő munkavégzéssel mindenki köteles hozzájárulni a közösség gyarapodásához. […]

    • The Fundamental Law of Hungary
      Land:
      Hungary

      Article M (Foundation) (1) The economy of Hungary shall be based on work which creates value, and on freedom of enterprise. […]
      Article XI (Freedom and Responsibility) […] (3) An Act may provide that financial support of higher education studies shall be subject to participation for a specific period in employment or to performing entrepreneurial activities for a specific period, regulated by Hungarian law.
      Article XII (Freedom and Responsibility) (1) Everyone shall have the right to choose his or her work, and employment freely and to engage in entrepreneurial activities. Everyone shall be obliged to contribute to the enrichment of the community through his or her work, in accordance with his or her abilities and potential. […]

    • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
      Land:
      Germany

      Article 12 (1) All Germans shall have the right freely to choose their occupation or profession, their place of work and their place of training. The practice of an occupation or profession may be regulated by or pursuant to a law.

    • Constitution of the Hellenic Republic
      Land:
      Greece

      Article 5 (1) All persons shall have the right to develop freely their personality and to participate in the social, economic and political life of the country, insofar as they do not infringe the rights of others or violate the Constitution and the good usages [...]; Article 106 (2) Private economic initiative shall not be permitted to develop at the expense of freedom and human dignity, or to the detriment of the national economy.[...]

    • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
      Land:
      Germany

      Artikel 12 (1) Alle Deutschen haben das Recht, Beruf, Arbeitsplatz und Ausbildungsstätte frei zu wählen. Die Berufsausübung kann durch Gesetz oder auf Grund eines Gesetzes geregelt werden.

    • Το Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδας
      Land:
      Greece

      Άρθρo 5 (1). Kαθένας έχει δικαίωμα να αναπτύσσει ελεύθερα την πρoσωπικότητά τoυ και να συμμετέχει στην κoινωνική, oικoνoμική και πoλιτική ζωή της Xώρας, εφόσoν δεν πρoσβάλλει τα δικαιώματα των άλλων και δεν παραβιάζει τo Σύνταγμα ή τα χρηστά ήθη. [...] Άρθρο 106 (2). H ιδιωτική oικoνoμική πρωτoβoυλία δεν επιτρέπεται να αναπτύσσεται σε βάρoς της ελευθερίας και της ανθρώπινης αξιoπρέπειας ή πρoς βλάβη της εθνικής oικoνoμίας. [...]

    • Constitution of Finland
      Land:
      Finland

      Section 18 The right to work and the freedom to engage in commercial activity Everyone has the right, as provided by an Act, to earn his or her livelihood by the employment, occupation or commercial activity of his or her choice. (...)

    • Suomen perustuslaki
      Land:
      Finland

      18 § Oikeus työhön ja elinkeinovapaus Jokaisella on oikeus lain mukaan hankkia toimeentulonsa valitsemallaan työllä, ammatilla tai elinkeinolla. (...)

    • Constitution of the Republic of Estonia
      Land:
      Estonia

      Article 31. Citizens of Estonia have the right to engage in entrepreneurial activity and to form commercial associations and federations. The law may provide conditions and procedures that circumscribe the exercise of this right. Unless otherwise provided by law, citizens of foreign states and stateless persons in Estonian territory enjoy this right equally with citizens of Estonia.

    • Eesti Vabariigi Põhiseadus
      Land:
      Estonia

      § 31. Eesti kodanikel on õigus tegelda ettevõtlusega ning koonduda tulundusühingutesse ja -liitudesse. Seadus võib sätestada selle õiguse kasutamise tingimused ja korra. Kui seadus ei sätesta teisiti, siis on see õigus võrdselt Eesti kodanikega ka Eestis viibivatel välisriikide kodanikel ja kodakondsuseta isikutel

    • Danmarks Riges Grundlov
      Land:
      Denmark

      § 74. Alle indskrænkninger i den fri og lige adgang til erhverv, som ikke er begrundede i det almene vel, skal hæves ved lov.

    • The Constitutional Act of Denmark
      Land:
      Denmark

      Section 74. Any restraint on the free and equal access to trade, which is not based on the interest of the general public, shall be abolished by statute.

    • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
      Land:
      Cyprus

      Article 25
      1. Every person has the right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
      2. The exercise of this right may be subject to such formalities, conditions or restrictions as are prescribed by law and relate exclusively to the qualifications usually required for the exercise of any profession or are necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or for the protection of the rights and liberties guaranteed by this Constitution to any person or in the public interest:
      Provided that no such formalities, conditions or restrictions purporting to be in the public interest shall be prescribed by a law if such formality, condition or restriction is contrary to the interests of either Community.
      3. As an exception to the aforesaid provisions of this Article a law may provide, if it is in the public interest, that certain enterprises of the nature of an essential public service or relating to the exploitation of sources of energy or other natural resources shall be carried out exclusively by the Republic or a municipal corporation or by a public corporate body created for the purpose by such law and administered under the control of the Republic, and having a capital which may be derived from public and private funds or from either such source only:
      Provided that where such enterprise has been carried out by any person, other than a municipal corporation or a public corporate body, the installations used for such enterprise shall, at the request of such person, be acquired on payment of a just price, by the Republic or such municipal corporation or such public corporate body, as the case may be.

    • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
      Land:
      Cyprus

      ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 25
      1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να ασκή οιονδήποτε επάγγελμα ή να επιδίδεται εις οιανδήποτε απασχόλησιν, εμπόριον ή επικερδή εργασίαν.
      2. Η άσκησις του δικαιώματος τούτου δύναται να υπαχθή εις τους υπό του νόμου τιθεμένους όρους, περιορισμούς ή διατυπώσεις, αναφερομένους αποκλειστικώς εις τα συνήθως απαιτούμενα διά την άσκησιν οιουδήποτε επαγγέλματος προσόντα ή οίτινες είναι απαραίτητοι μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή της προστασίας των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των ηγγυημένων υπό του Συντάγματος εις οιονδήποτε πρόσωπον ή προς το δημόσιον συμφέρον υπό τον όρον ότι διατυπώσεις, όροι και περιορισμοί δεν θα τίθενται διά νόμου κατ’ επίκλησιν του δημοσίου συμφέροντος εφ’ όσον είναι αντίθετοι προς τα συμφέροντα εκατέρας κοινότητος.
      3. Κατ’ εξαίρεσιν των προμνησθεισών διατάξεων του παρόντος άρθρου ο νόμος δύναται να ορίση, εφ’ όσον τούτο συνάδη προς το δημόσιον συμφέρον, ότι ωρισμέναι επιχειρήσεις παρέχουσαι ουσιώδη δημοσίαν υπηρεσίαν ή σχετικαί προς την εκμετάλλευσιν των πηγών ενεργείας ή άλλων φυσικών πόρων θα ασκώνται αποκλειστικώς υπό της Δημοκρατίας ή υπό δήμου ή υπό νομικού προσώπου δημοσίου δικαίου ιδρυομένου προς τον σκοπόν τούτον υπό του ανωτέρω νόμου και διοικουμένου υπό τον έλεγχον της Δημοκρατίας και του οποίου το κεφάλαιον δύναται να προέρχηται εκ δημοσίων και ιδιωτικών πόρων ή μόνον εξ εκατέρας των πηγών τούτων.Εφ’ όσον όμως τοιαύτη επιχείρησις ησκείτο υπό οιουδήποτε προσώπου, πλην δήμου ή νομικού προσώπου δημοσίου δικαίου, αι χρησιμοποιηθείσαι διά την τοιαύτην επιχείρησιν εγκαταστάσεις τη αιτήσει του ενδιαφερομένου εξαγοράζονται επί τη καταβολή δικαίου τιμήματος υπό της Δημοκρατίας ή του δήμου ή του νομικού προσώπου δημοσίου δικαίου, αναλόγως της περιπτώσεως.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Croatia
      Land:
      Croatia

      Article 49
      Free enterprise and free markets shall form the foundation of the economic system of the Republic of Croatia.
      The state shall ensure all entrepreneurs equal legal status on the market. The abuse of monopolies, as defined by law, shall be forbidden.
      The state shall encourage the economic progress and social welfare of its citizens, and care for the economic development of all regions.
      The rights acquired through the investment of capital shall not be infringed by law or any other legal act.
      Foreign investors shall be guaranteed free transfer and repatriation of profits and invested capital.

      Article 50
      (2) Free enterprise and property rights may be exceptionally restricted by law for the purposes of protecting the interests and security of the Republic of Croatia, nature and the human environment and human health.

    0 results found

    0 results found