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EU's charter om grundlæggende rettigheder

Artikel 13 - Frihed for kunst og videnskab

Artikel 13 - Frihed for kunst og videnskab

Der er frihed for kunst og videnskabelig forskning. Den akademiske frihed respekteres.

    • Text:

      Denne ret er først og fremmest afledt af tanke- og ytringsfriheden. Den udøves under overholdelse af artikel 1 og kan underkastes de begrænsninger, der er tilladt ifølge artikel 10 i EMK.

      Source:
      Den Europæiske Unions Tidende C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Disse forklaringer blev oprindelig udarbejdet under præsidiet for den forsamling, der udarbejdede chartret om grundlæggende rettigheder. De er blevet ajourført under Det Europæiske Konvents præsidiums ansvar i lyset af de udkast til tilpasninger, som konventet har foretaget i charterteksten (især i artikel 51 og 52) og videreudviklingen af EU-retten. Selv om forklaringerne ikke i sig selv har retskraft, udgør de et værdifuldt fortolkningsinstrument beregnet til nærmere præcisering af chartrets bestemmelser.
    • Hungary v European Parliament and Council of the European Union
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Full Court)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Institutional affairs
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2022:97
    • Republic of Poland v European Parliament and Council of the European Union
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Full Court)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Internal market
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2022:98
    • European Commission v Hungary
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Grand Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2020:792
    • Pelham GbmH, Moses Pelham, Martin Haas v Ralf Hütter, Florian Schneider-Esleben
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Grand Chamber
      Type:
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2019:624

    42 results found

    • Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
      Land:
      Czechia

      Article 15 (...) (2) The freedom of scholarly research and of artistic creation is guaranteed.

    • Listina základních práv a svobod
      Land:
      Czechia

      Článek 15 (...) (2) Svoboda vědeckého bádání a umělecké tvorby je zaručena. (...)

    • Instrument of Government
      Land:
      Sweden

      Chapter 2 - Fundamental rights and freedoms; Article 16 Authors, artists and photographers shall own the rights to their works in accordance with rules laid down in law; Article 18 (...) The freedom of research is protected according to rules laid down in law.

    • Kungörelse (1974:152) om beslutad ny regeringsform
      Land:
      Sweden

      2 kapitlet - Grundläggande fri- och rättigheter: 16 § Författare, konstnärer och fotografer äger rätt till sina verk enligt bestämmelser som meddelas i lag; 18 § (...) Forskningens frihet är skyddad enligt bestämmelser som meddelas i lag.

    • Constitutión Española
      Land:
      Spain

      Artículo 20 1. Se reconocen y protegen los derechos: (…) b) A la producción y creación literaria, artística, científica y técnica. c) A la libertad de cátedra. (…) 2. El ejercicio de estos derechos no puede restringirse mediante ningún tipo de censura previa.(…) 4. Estas libertades tienen su límite en el respeto a los derechos reconocidos en este Título, en los preceptos de las leyes que lo desarrollan y, especialmente, en el derecho al honor, a la intimidad, a la propia imagen y a la protección de la juventud y de la infancia.

    • Constitution of the Kingdom of Spain
      Land:
      Spain

      Article 201. The following rights are recognized and protected: (...) b) the right to literary, artistic, scientific and technical production and creation; c) the right to academic freedom; (...) 2. The exercise of these rights may not be restricted by any form of prior censorship. (...) 4. These freedoms are limited by respect for the rights recognized in this Part, by the legal provisions implementing it, and especially by the right to honour, to privacy, to the own image and to the protection of youth and childhood.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia
      Land:
      Slovenia

      Article 59 The freedom of scientific and artistic endeavour shall be guaranteed.

    • Ustava Republike Slovenije
      Land:
      Slovenia

      59. člen Zagotovljena je svoboda znanstvenega in umetniškega ustvarjanja.

    • Constitution of the Slovak Republic
      Land:
      Slovakia

      Article 43 (1) Freedom of scientific research and in art is guaranteed. The rights to the creative intellectual activity are protected by law. (2) The right of access to the cultural heritage is guaranteed under the conditions laid down by law.

    • Ústava Slovenskej republiky
      Land:
      Slovakia

      Čl. 43 (1) Sloboda vedeckého bádania a umenia sa zaručuje. Práva na výsledky tvorivej duševnej činnosti chráni zákon. (2) Právo prístupu ku kultúrnemu bohatstvu sa zaručuje za podmienok ustanovených zákonom.

    • Constituția României
      Land:
      Romania

      Articolul 32 (…) (6) Autonomia universitara este garantata. Articolul 33 (...) (3) Statul trebuie sa asigure pastrarea identitatii spirituale, sprijinirea culturii nationale, stimularea artelor, protejarea si conservarea mostenirii culturale, dezvoltarea creativitatii contemporane, promovarea valorilor culturale si artistice ale României în lume. Articolul 135 (...) (2) Statul trebuie sa asigure: (...) c) stimularea cercetarii stiintifice si tehnologice nationale, a artei si protectia dreptului de autor;(...)

    • Constitution of Romania
      Land:
      Romania

      Article 32 (...) (6) The autonomy of the Universities is guaranteed. Article 33 (...) (3) The State must make sure that spiritual identity is preserved, national culture is supported, arts are stimulated, cultural legacy is protected and preserved, contemporary creativity is developed, and Romania's cultural and artistic values are promoted throughout the world. Article 135 (...) (2) The State must secure: (...) c) stimulation of national scientific and technological research, arts, and protection of copyright; (...)

    • Constituição da República Portuguesa
      Land:
      Portugal

      Artigo 73.º (Educação, cultura e ciência) 1. Todos têm direito à educação e à cultura. 2. O Estado promove a democratização da educação e as demais condições para que a educação, realizada através da escola e de outros meios formativos, contribua para a igualdade de oportunidades, a superação das desigualdades económicas, sociais e culturais, o desenvolvimento da personalidade e do espírito de tolerância, de compreensão mútua, de solidariedade e de responsabilidade, para o progresso social e para a participação democrática na vida colectiva. 3. O Estado promove a democratização da cultura, incentivando e assegurando o acesso de todos os cidadãos à fruição e criação cultural, em colaboração com os órgãos de comunicação social, as associações e fundações de fins culturais, as colectividades de cultura e recreio, as associações de defesa do património cultural, as organizações de moradores e outros agentes culturais. 4. A criação e a investigação científicas, bem como a inovação tecnológica, são incentivadas e apoiadas pelo Estado, por forma a assegurar a respectiva liberdade e autonomia, o reforço da competitividade e a articulação entre as instituições científicas e as empresas. Artigo 74.º (Ensino) 2. Na realização da política de ensino incumbe ao Estado: (d) Garantir a todos os cidadãos, segundo as suas capacidades, o acesso aos graus mais elevados do ensino, da investigação científica e da criação artística.

    • Constitution of the Portuguese Republic
      Land:
      Portugal

      Article 73 (Education, culture and science) (1) Everyone has the right to education and culture. (2) The state shall promote the democratisation of education and the other conditions needed for an education conducted at school and via other means of training to contribute to equal opportunities, the overcoming of economic, social and cultural inequalities, the development of the personality and the spirit of tolerance, mutual understanding, solidarity and responsibility, to social progress and to democratic participation in collective life. (3) In cooperation with the media, cultural associations and foundations, cultural and recreational groups, cultural heritage associations, residents’ organisations and other cultural agents, the state shall promote the democratisation of culture by encouraging and ensuring access by all citizens to cultural enjoyment and creation. (4) The state shall encourage and support scientific research and creation and technological innovation, in such a way as to ensure their freedom and autonomy, strengthen competitivity and ensure articulation between scientific institutions and enterprises. Article 74 (Education) (2) In implementing the education policy, the state is charged with: (d) In accordance with his capabilities, guaranteeing every citizen access to the highest levels of education, scientific research and artistic creation.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Poland
      Land:
      Poland

      Article 70(...) 5. The autonomy of the institutions of higher education shall be ensured in accordance with principles specified by statute. Article 73The freedom of artistic creation and scientific research as well as dissemination of the fruits thereof, the freedom to teach and to enjoy the products of culture, shall be ensured to everyone.

    • Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
      Land:
      Poland

      Art. 70. (...) 5. Zapewnia się autonomię szkół wyższych na zasadach określonych w ustawie. Art. 73. Każdemu zapewnia się wolność twórczości artystycznej, badań naukowych oraz ogłaszania ich wyników, wolność nauczania, a także wolność korzystania z dóbr kultury.

    • Constitution of Malta
      Land:
      Malta

      Article 8The State shall promote the development of culture and scientific and technical research.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania
      Land:
      Lithuania

      Article 42. Culture, science and research, and teaching shall be free. The State shall support culture and science, and shall take care of the protection of Lithuanian historical, artistic, and other cultural monuments, as well as other culturally valuable objects. The law shall protect and defend the spiritual and material interests of an author that are related to scientific, technical, cultural, and artistic work.

    • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
      Land:
      Lithuania

      42 straipsnis. Kultūra, mokslas ir tyrinėjimai bei dėstymas yra laisvi. Valstybė remia kultūrą ir mokslą, rūpinasi Lietuvos istorijos, meno ir kitų kultūros paminklų bei vertybių apsauga. Dvasinius ir materialinius autoriaus interesus, susijusius su mokslo, technikos, kultūros ir meno kūryba, saugo ir gina įstatymas.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Latvia
      Land:
      Latvia

      113. The State shall recognise the freedom of scientific research, artistic and other creative activity, and shall protect copyright and patent rights.

    7 results found

    • Regulation (EU) 2021/817 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2021 establishing Erasmus+: the Union Programme for education and training, youth and sport and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1288/2013

      (64) This Regulation respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the ‘Charter’). In particular, this Regulation seeks to ensure full respect for the right to equality between women and men and the right to non-discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation, and to promote the application of Articles 21 and 23 of the Charter. In line with Article 13 of the Charter, it should also be ensured that academic freedom is respected by the countries receiving funds under the Programme.

      [...]

      Article 2

      Definitions

      (25) ‘people with fewer opportunities’ means people who, for economic, social, cultural, geographical or health reasons, due to their migrant background, or for reasons such as disability or educational difficulties or for any other reason, including a reason that could give rise to discrimination under Article 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, face obstacles that prevent them from having effective access to opportunities under the Programme;

    • Directive 2001/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2001 on the resale right for the benefit of the author of an original work of art

      Article 1

      Subject matter of the resale right

      1. Member States shall provide, for the benefit of the author of an original work of art, a resale right, to be defined as an inalienable right, which cannot be waived, even in advance, to receive a royalty based on the sale price obtained for any resale of the work, subsequent to the first transfer of the work by the author.

      2. The right referred to in paragraph 1 shall apply to all acts of resale involving as sellers, buyers or intermediaries art market professionals, such as salesrooms, art galleries and, in general, any dealers in works of art.

      3. Member States may provide that the right referred to in paragraph 1 shall not apply to acts of resale where the seller has acquired the work directly from the author less than three years before that resale and where the resale price does not exceed EUR 10000.

      4. The royalty shall be payable by the seller. Member States may provide that one of the natural or legal persons referred to in paragraph 2 other than the seller shall alone be liable or shall share liability with the seller for payment of the royalty.

    • Directive (EU) 2016/801 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purposes of research, studies, training, voluntary service, pupil exchange schemes or educa...

      Preamble:
      ‘(7) Migration for the purposes set out in this Directive should promote the generation and acquisition of knowledge and skills. It constitutes a form of mutual enrichment for the migrants concerned, their country of origin and the Member State concerned, while strengthening cultural links and enhancing cultural diversity.‘

    • Directive 2013/55/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications and Regulation (EU) No 1024/2012 on administrative cooperation through the Internal M...

      Article 13
      Conditions for recognition
      ‘1. If access to or pursuit of a regulated profession in a host Member State is contingent upon possession of specific professional qualifications, the competent authority of that Member State shall permit applicants to access and pursue that profession, under the same conditions as apply to its nationals, if they possess an attestation of competence or evidence of formal qualifications referred to in Article 11, required by another Member State in order to gain access to and pursue that profession on its territory. [...]‘

    • Directive 2014/26/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on collective management of copyright and related rights and multi-territorial licensing of rights in musical works for online use in the internal market Text with E...

      Preamble:
      ‘(3) Article 167 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) requires the Union to take cultural diversity into account in its action and to contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore. Collective management organisations play, and should continue to play, an important role as promoters of the diversity of cultural expression, both by enabling the smallest and less popular repertoires to access the market and by providing social, cultural and educational services for the benefit of their rightholders and the public.‘

    • Directive 2014/54/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on measures facilitating the exercise of rights conferred on workers in the context of freedom of movement for workers Text with EEA relevance

      Preamble:
      ‘(5) The effective exercise of the freedom of movement of workers is, however, still a major challenge and many Union workers are very often unaware of their rights to free movement. Because of, inter alia, their potentially more vulnerable position, Union workers may still suffer from unjustified restrictions or obstacles to the exercise of their right to free movement, such as non-recognition of qualifications, discrimination on grounds of nationality and exploitation when they move to another Member State. There is, therefore, a gap between the law and its application in practice that needs to be addressed.‘

    • Regulation (EU) No 1288/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 establishing 'Erasmus+': the Union programme for education, training, youth and sport and repealing Decisions No 1719/2006/EC, No 1720/2006/EC and No 1298/20...

    7 results found

    • Report / Paper / Summary
      22
      January
      2026
      Online terrorist content is a threat to fundamental rights, rule of law and democracy. EU measures to tackle such content aim to prevent terrorism while upholding these values. FRA’s report looks at how online terrorist content is detected and removed under EU legislation. It highlights challenges in interpreting rules, risks of over-removal and potential impacts on freedom of expression. It finds that moderation practices by authorities and platforms can disproportionately affect certain groups, such as Muslims and Arabic speakers, while far-right content often receives less scrutiny. The findings, based on research and expert interviews with those addressing online terrorist content, offer ways to improve transparency in content moderation and to better balance public security and fundamental rights, contributing to wider debates on regulating online content responsibly.
    • Report / Paper / Summary
      28
      September
      2022
      Terrorhandlinger udgør en alvorlig trussel mod menneskers liv og sikkerhed og udgør en alvorlig sikkerhedsudfordring for staterne. Samtidig kan lovgivning, politikker og andre foranstaltninger til terrorbekæmpelse direkte eller indirekte medføre alvorlige indskrænkninger af de grundlæggende rettigheder og kan påvirke enkeltpersoner, grupper og samfundet som helhed negativt. I dette sammendrag præsenteres de vigtigste resultater fra FRA’s rapport om direktiv (EU) 2017/541 om bekæmpelse af terrorisme, som er det vigtigste strafferetlige instrument på EU-plan inden for terrorbekæmpelse.
    • Report / Paper / Summary
      19
      July
      2022
      Civil society is a key component of Europe’s fundamental rights architecture. From supporting people affected by the pandemic to helping those fleeing the war in Ukraine, civil society plays a crucial role in upholding people’s rights. In so doing, it contributes to a healthy rule of law culture. FRA’s civic space report provides an overview of the many ways in which civil society contributes to the checks and balances that underpin the rule of law.
    • Fundamental Rights Report
      8
      June
      2022
      FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2022 reviews major developments in the field in 2021, identifying both achievements and areas of concern. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.
    • Report / Paper / Summary
      18
      November
      2021
      This report examines the EU’s main criminal law instrument in the field of counter-terrorism, Directive (EU) 2017/541. Specifically, it considers how the directive engages issues of fundamental rights, affecting individuals, groups and society as a whole.
    • Report / Paper / Summary
      4
      November
      2021
      This report outlines to what extent legal aid is available to those held in pre-removal detention in the 27 EU Member States, and in North Macedonia and Serbia, during procedures related to their return. These involve decisions on return, on detention pending removal, the removal itself and on bans on entry. The report also examines when people are entitled to free legal aid and how this aid is funded, as well as who provides representation and various factors that limit the scope of legal aid.
    • Report / Paper / Summary
      22
      September
      2021
      Civil society organisations play a vital role in promoting fundamental rights, but they face diverse challenges across the European Union. This report presents FRA’s findings on a range of such challenges. The findings are based on research, and on two online consultations with civil society organisations, carried out in 2020.
    • Report / Paper / Summary
      19
      February
      2021
      This is the second main report from FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey, which collected data from 35,000 people on a range of issues. This report focuses on respondents’ experiences as victims of selected types of crime, including violence, harassment, and property crime. The report also examines how often these crimes are reported to the police, and presents further details relating to harassment and violence, such as the perpetrators and where the incidents took place.
    • Periodic updates / Series
      29
      July
      2020
      As we enter the second half of 2020, the constraints on our daily lives brought about by the Coronavirus pandemic have become a firm reality. New local lockdowns and the reintroduction of restrictive measures prompted by fresh outbreaks of the virus are a stark reminder that COVID-19 continues to shape our lives – and our enjoyment of fundamental rights – in profound ways. There is compelling evidence of how the pandemic has exacerbated existing challenges in our societies. This FRA Bulletin outlines some of the measures EU Member States adopted to safely reopen their societies and economies while continuing to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. It highlights the impact these measures may have on civil, political and socioeconomic rights.
    • Periodic updates / Series
      30
      June
      2020
      The Coronavirus pandemic continues to interrupt everyday life in the EU in unprecedented ways. But the way it affects our societies is shifting. As governments gradually lift some of the measures put in place to contain the spread of COVID-19, new fundamental rights concerns arise: how to ensure that the rights to life and health are upheld as daily life transitions to a ‘new normal’. This Bulletin looks at declarations of states of emergency, or equivalent, and how they came under scrutiny. It considers
      the impact on fundamental rights in important areas of daily life, and includes a thematic focus on the pandemic's impact on older people.