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Equality

Enakost, nediskriminacija in rasizem

<p>Equality is a core value of the EU. You have the right to fair treatment regardless of who you are, what you believe, or how you chose to live.</p>
<p>We carry out research and share expertise to help fight discrimination, inequality and racism in all its forms.</p>

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Highlights

  • Data explorer
    06 May 2020

    LGBTI Survey Data Explorer

    A total of 139,799 persons aged 15 years or older who describe themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans or intersex (LGBTI) completed the online EU-LGBTI II Survey in all EU Member States and the candidate countries of North Macedonia and Serbia.
  • Diversity equality inclusion on notes
    Opinion
    30
    April
    2021

    Equality in the EU 20 years on from the initial implementation of the equality directives

    This opinion illustrates the extent and nature of lived experiences of inequality and discrimination across the EU. It does so with reference to the grounds of discrimination and areas of life covered by the racial and employment equality directives, as well as in relation to the grounds and areas covered by the proposed Equal Treatment Directive.
    Download the summary in English and French
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    28
    November
    2018

    Being Black in the EU

    Almost twenty years after adoption of EU laws forbidding discrimination, people of African descent in the EU face widespread and entrenched prejudice and exclusion. This report outlines selected results from FRA's second large-scale EU-wide survey on migrants and minorities (EU-MIDIS II). It examines the experiences of almost 6,000 people of African descent in 12 EU Member States.
    Summary available in 9 languages
    Explore the data
    Read the press release
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    6
    December
    2017

    Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey - Main results

    Seventeen years after adoption of EU laws that forbid discrimination, immigrants, descendants of immigrants, and minority ethnic groups continue to face widespread discrimination across the EU and in all areas of life – most often when seeking employment. For many, discrimination is a recurring experience. This is just one of the findings of FRA’s second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II), which collected information from over 25,500 respondents with different ethnic minority and immigrant backgrounds across all 28 EU Member States.
    Read press release
    Explore the data
    Watch findings video
Gradivo
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
12
December
2018

Unmasking bias motives in crimes: selected cases of the European Court of Human Rights

This paper discusses the evolution of European Court of Human Rights case law relating
to hate crime, providing an update on the most recent rulings. Approaching hate crime
from a fundamental rights perspective, it shows how Member State authorities’ duty to
effectively investigate the bias motivation of crimes flows from key human rights
instruments, such as the European Convention on Human Rights.
Video
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Religion and belief
Security
Hate crime

Video Blog by Michael O'Flaherty: Antisemitism

Michael O'Flaherty focuses on the situation of the Jewish community living in the EU.
Report / Paper / Summary
Religion and belief
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Hate crime
Racial and ethnic origin
Victims’ rights
Security
10
December
2018

Experiences and perceptions of antisemitism - Second survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews in the EU

This report outlines the main findings of FRA’s second survey on Jewish people’s experiences with hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism in the European Union – the biggest survey of Jewish people ever conducted worldwide. Covering 12 EU Member States, the survey reached almost 16,500 individuals who identify as being Jewish. It follows up on the agency’s first survey, conducted in seven countries in 2012.
Watch findings video
Watch launch event
Read press release
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Unlawful profiling
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Data protection
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Security
5
December
2018
Last versions available are EL and NL
11 March 2021

Preventing unlawful profiling today and in the future: a guide

This guide explains what profiling is, the legal frameworks that regulate it, and why conducting profiling lawfully is both necessary to comply with fundamental rights and crucial for effective policing and border management. The guide also provides practical guidance on how to avoid unlawful profiling in police and border management operations.
Report / Paper / Summary
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
4
December
2018

From institutions to community living for persons with disabilities: perspectives from the ground

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities commits both the EU and all of its Member States to realising the right of persons with disabilities to live independently in the community – which includes achieving deinstitutionalisation for those residing in institutional settings. But much remains to be done to make this a reality in practice. This report presents the main insights gained during fieldwork on the drivers of and barriers to deinstitutionalisation. Focusing on the local level, it gives voice to a diverse set of actors – most importantly, to people with disabilities themselves.
View the infographic
Watch the video
Read the human stories
Download project factsheets
Video
Asylum, migration and borders
Legal migration and integration
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin

Being black in the EU often means racism and poor jobs

Black people in the EU face unacceptable difficulties in getting a decent job because of their skin colour. Racist harassment also remains all too common.
Video
Equality, non-discrimination and racism

Being black in the EU often means poor housing conditions

Black people in the EU face unacceptable difficulties in simply finding somewhere to live because of their skin colour.
Report / Paper / Summary
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Legal migration and integration
Racial and ethnic origin
28
November
2018

Being Black in the EU

Almost twenty years after adoption of EU laws forbidding discrimination, people of African descent in the EU face widespread and entrenched prejudice and exclusion. This report outlines selected results from FRA's second large-scale EU-wide survey on migrants and minorities (EU-MIDIS II). It examines the experiences of almost 6,000 people of African descent in 12 EU Member States.
Summary available in 9 languages
Explore the data
Read the press release
Report / Paper / Summary
Roma
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
16
November
2018

Working with Roma: Participation and empowerment of local communities

This report presents the main insights gained during the EU Fundamental Rights Agency’s project on local engagement for Roma inclusion, which explores how to best involve Roma in integration efforts at the local level. Bringing together local authorities and residents, especially Roma, it investigated what aspects work, which ones do not, and why this is the case.
Periodic updates / Series
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
9
November
2018

Antisemitism - Overview of data available in the European Union 2007–2017

Antisemitism can be expressed in the form of verbal and physical attacks, threats,
harassment, discrimination and unequal treatment, property damage and graffiti or other
forms of speech or text, including on the internet. The present report provides an overview of data on antisemitism as recorded by
international organisations and by official and unofficial sources in the 28 European
Union (EU) Member States, based on their own definitions and categorisations.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Support for human rights systems and defenders
26
October
2018

Fundamental Rights Forum 2018 - Chair's Statement

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights’ 2018 Fundamental Rights Forum
brought together more than 700 human rights champions at a time of
widening social divisions and increasingly polarised politics across
Europe.
Report / Paper / Summary
Children, youth and older people
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
17
October
2018

Combating child poverty: an issue of fundamental rights

Almost 25 million children under 18 are at risk of poverty or social exclusion in the EU. Poverty deprives children of educational
opportunities, childcare, access to health care, adequate food and housing, family support and even protection from violence.
This report outlines data and survey findings that highlight the magnitude of child poverty in the EU, but also presents tools
available to counter this phenomenon and keep track of progress made.
In brief / Factsheet
Unlawful profiling
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
20
September
2018

In Brief - Big data, algorithms and discrimination

With enormous volumes of data generated every day, more and more decisions are based on data analysis and algorithms. This can bring welcome benefits, such as consistency and objectivity, but algorithms also entail great risks. A FRA focus paper looks at how the use of automation in decision making can result in, or exacerbate, discrimination.
Report / Paper / Summary
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
12
September
2018

How the Eurosur Regulation affects fundamental rights

In November 2017, the European Commission requested FRA’s support in evaluating the impact on fundamental rights of the European Border Surveillance System (Eurosur) Regulation. Further to this request, FRA reviewed the work of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) and analysed cooperation agreements concluded by EU Member States with third countries which are relevant for the exchange of information for the purposes of Eurosur. This report presents the main findings of such review.
Report / Paper / Summary
Civil justice
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
29
August
2018

Making EU citizens’ rights a reality: national courts enforcing freedom of movement and related rights

The founding treaties, the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and secondary EU law all provide for EU citizens’ freedom to move and reside freely in any EU country of their choice. Growing numbers of citizens, and their family members, are making use of this freedom and related rights, such as the right not to be discriminated against based on nationality and the right to vote in certain elections in the host Member State. But making these rights a reality remains a challenge. This report presents an EU-wide, comparative overview of the application of the Free Movement Directive (2004/38/EC) across the 28 Member States based on a review of select case law at national level.
Report / Paper / Summary
Roma
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
19
July
2018

Transition from education to employment of young Roma in nine EU Member States

Across the European Union, Member States are faced with the challenge of integrating Europe’s most deprived
and disenfranchised minority groups. As a follow up to the EU-MIDIS II findings on Roma, this report presents
FRA’s findings relating to the issues of education and employment. Encouraging Roma participation in education
and employment equips communities with higher incomes, better life opportunities and greater social inclusion.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Civil society
21
June
2018

Hate crime recording and data collection practice across the EU

Across the European Union, people face hatred because of their skin colour, ethnicity, religion, gender or sexuality. In response, the EU and its Member States have introduced laws against hate crime and support services for victims. But these will only fulfil their potential if victims report hate-motivated harassment and violence to the police, and if police officers record such incidents as hate crimes. This report provides rich and detailed information on hate crime recording and data collection systems across the EU, including any systemic cooperation with civil society.
Read press release
Access compendium of practices
Fundamental Rights Report
Children, youth and older people
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
6
June
2018
Finnish version now available
27 January 2020

Shifting perceptions: towards a rights‑based approach to ageing

European societies are not getting any younger! It is a simple truth we must face both about ourselves and Europe as a whole. In two generations, by 2080, those aged 65 or above will account for almost 30% of the European Union’s population.
Fundamental Rights Report
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Support for human rights systems and defenders
6
June
2018

Fundamental Rights Report 2018 FRA opinions

The year 2017 brought both progress and setbacks in terms of fundamental rights protection. FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2018 reviews major developments in the field, identifying both achievements and remaining areas of concern.
Report / Paper / Summary
Artificial intelligence and big data
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Unlawful profiling
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
30
May
2018

#BigData: Discrimination in data-supported decision making

We live in a world of big data, where technological developments in the area of machine learning and artificial intelligence have changed the way we live. Decisions and processes concerning everyday life are increasingly automated, based on data. This affects fundamental rights in various ways. This focus paper specifically deals with discrimination, a fundamental rights area particularly affected by technological developments.