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19
December
2025

Forced Return Monitoring Systems – 2025 update

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) publishes annual updates on the forced return monitoring systems set up by EU Member States under Article 8(6) of the EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC). This project has been ongoing since 2014. The latest report covers the period until the end of 2024.

FRA has inquired about the follow-up by the national authorities to the findings captured in the monitoring reports. This particularly concerns observations on the use of coercive measures.

Monitoring bodies typically submit a monitoring report with their findings and recommendations. As promising practice, the Austrian monitoring body holds follow-up meetings with the authorities. Additionally, the initiatives at various German airports have been designed to include regular discussions of monitoring findings, usually on a quarterly basis.

Most monitoring bodies report that their recommendations have been positively received. Still, a few monitoring entities replied to FRA that they did not receive any information, nor did they observe any follow up to their recommendations.