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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Člen 2 - Pravica do življenja

Člen 2 - Pravica do življenja

1. Vsakdo ima pravico do življenja.

2. Nihče ne sme biti obsojen na smrtno kazen ali usmrčen.

    • Text:

      1. Odstavek 1 tega člena temelji na prvem stavku prvega odstavka 2. člena Evropske konvencije o varstvu človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin (EKČP), ki se glasi:
      `1. Pravica vsakogar do življenja je zavarovana z zakonom ...`
      2. Drugi stavek te določbe, ki se nanaša na smrtno kazen, je izgubil pomen z začetkom veljavnosti Protokola št. 6 k EKČP, katerega 1. člen se glasi:
      `Smrtna kazen se odpravi. Nihče ne sme biti obsojen na takšno kazen ali usmrčen.`
      Odstavek 2 člena 2 Listine temelji na tej določbi.
      3. Določbi člena 2 Listine ustrezata tistim iz zgornjih členov EKČP in njenega dodatnega protokola. V skladu s členom 52(3) Listine imata enak pomen in področje uporabe. Zato je na `negativne` opredelitve v EKČP prav tako treba gledati kot na sestavni del Listine:
      (a) drugi odstavek 2. člena EKČP:
      `Kot kršitev tega člena se ne šteje odvzem življenja, če je posledica uporabe nujno potrebne sile:
      (a) pri obrambi katerekoli osebe pred nezakonitim nasiljem,
      (b) pri zakonitem odvzemu prostosti ali pri preprečitvi bega osebi, ki ji je zakonito odvzeta prostost,
      (c) pri zakonitem dejanju, ki ima namen zadušiti upor ali vstajo.`
      (b) 2. člen Protokola št. 6 k EKČP:
      `Država lahko določi v svoji zakonodaji smrtno kazen za dejanja, storjena med vojno ali ob neposredni vojni nevarnosti; takšna kazen se sme uporabiti le v primerih, ki so določeni v zakonu in v skladu z določbami zakona ...`

      Source:
      Uradni list Evropske unije C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      V nadaljevanju navedena pojasnila so bila prvotno pripravljena pod vodstvom predsedstva Konvencije, ki je sestavilo Listino Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah. Ta pojasnila so bila posodobljena pod vodstvom predsedstva Evropske konvencije zaradi prilagoditve besedila Listine s strani omenjene konvencije (zlasti členov 51 in 52) in nadaljnjega razvoja prava Unije. Čeprav sama nimajo pravne veljave, so dragocena pomoč pri razlagi in pojasnjevanju določb Listine.

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