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eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

50 artikla - Kielto syyttää ja rangaista oikeudenkäynnissä kahdesti samasta rikoksesta

50 artikla - Kielto syyttää ja rangaista oikeudenkäynnissä kahdesti samasta rikoksesta

Ketään ei saa panna syytteeseen tai rangaista rikoksesta, josta hänet on jo unionissa lopullisesti vapautettu tai tuomittu syylliseksi lain mukaisesti.

    • Text:

      Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimuksen seitsemännen lisäpöytäkirjan 4 artikla kuuluu seuraavasti:

      `1. Ketään ei saa saman valtion tuomiovallan nojalla tutkia uudelleen tai rangaista oikeudenkäynnissä rikoksesta, josta hänet on jo lopullisesti vapautettu tai tuomittu syylliseksi kyseisen valtion lakien ja oikeudenkäyntimenettelyn mukaisesti.

      2. Edellisen kappaleen määräykset eivät estä ottamasta juttua uudelleen tutkittavaksi asianomaisen valtion lakien ja oikeudenkäyntimenettelyn mukaisesti, jos on näyttöä uusista tai vasta esiin tulleista tosiseikoista tai jos aiemmassa prosessissa on tapahtunut sellainen perustavaa laatua oleva virhe, joka voisi vaikuttaa lopputulokseen.

      3. Tästä artiklasta ei saa poiketa yleissopimuksen 15 artiklan perusteella.` Non bis in idem -sääntöä sovelletaan unionin oikeudessa (lukuisista oikeustapauksista ks. 5.5.1966 annettua tuomiota asiassa Gutmann vastaan komissio, asia 18/65 ja asia 35/65, Kok. 1966, s. 150 ja äskettäin ratkaistun asian osalta ensimmäisen oikeusasteen tuomioistuimen tuomio 20.4.1999, yhdistetyt asiat T–305/94 ja muut, Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV vastaan komissio, Kok. 1999, s. II–931). Täsmennetään, että kumulaation kieltävä sääntö koskee kahden samankaltaisen rangaistuksen yhdistämistä, tässä tapauksessa rikosprosessissa.

      Non bis in idem -sääntöä ei 50 artiklan mukaisesti sovelleta ainoastaan saman valtion tuomioistuimissa, vaan myös useiden jäsenvaltioiden tuomioistuinten välillä. Tämä vastaa unionin säännöstöä; ks. Schengenin sopimuksen soveltamisesta tehdyn yleissopimuksen 54–58 artikla ja yhteisöjen tuomioistuimen tuomio, 11.2.2003, asia C–187/01, Gözütok (Kok. 2003, s. I–1345), yhteisöjen taloudellisten etujen suojaamisesta tehdyn yleissopimuksen 7 artikla ja lahjonnan torjuntaa koskevan yleissopimuksen 10 artikla. Muutamat poikkeukset, jotka näissä yleissopimuksissa mahdollistavat jäsenvaltioille non bis in idem -säännöstä poikkeamisen, kuuluvat 52 artiklan 1 kohdan rajoituksia koskevan horisontaalisen lausekkeen piiriin. Seitsemännen lisäpöytäkirjan 4 artiklassa tarkoitetuissa tilanteissa, eli kun periaatetta sovelletaan yhdessä jäsenvaltiossa, on tällä turvatulla oikeudella sama merkitys ja kattavuus kuin Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimuksen vastaavalla oikeudella.

      Source:
      Euroopan unionin virallinen lehti C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Nämä selitykset on alun perin laatinut Euroopan unionin perusoikeuskirjan valmistelukunnan puheenjohtajisto. Eurooppa-valmistelukunnan puheenjohtajisto on saattanut ne ajan tasalle tämän valmistelukunnan perusoikeuskirjaan tekemien tekstimuutosten (erityisesti 51 ja 52 artikla) ja unionin oikeuden myöhemmän kehittymisen perusteella. Vaikka niillä ei sellaisenaan ole oikeudellista merkitystä, ne ovat arvokas tulkinnan väline, jonka tarkoituksena on selventää perusoikeuskirjan määräyksiä.
    • Appellants: Telšiai district court and Vilnius city district court
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Mowi ASA v European Commission
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      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Fourth Chamber)
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      Decision
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      Competition
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2020:149
    • claimant: XX, an individual, Hungarian national, against the defendant: General Prosecutors Office of the Slovak Republic (hereinafter only as “General Prosecutors Office”)
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      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Constitutional Court
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      Decision
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      ECLI:SK:USSR:2020:1.US.183/2019
    • Merchant importer v. Independent Authority for Public Revenue (Ministry of Finance)
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      The Council of the State
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Mowi ASA v European Commission
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      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Advocate General
      Type:
      Opinion
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      Competition
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2019:795
    • Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń na Życie S.A. v Prezes Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów
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      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Fourth Chamber
      Type:
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2019:283
    • Petrus Kerstens v European Commission
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Sixth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2019:129
    • XC and Others v Generalprokuratur.
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Grand Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:853
    • Danish Prosecution Service v. T
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Supreme Court
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • AY.
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Fifth Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:602

    21 results found

    • Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
      Maa:
      Czechia

      Article 40 (5) No one may be criminally prosecuted for an act for which she has already been finally
      convicted or acquitted. This rule shall not preclude the application, in conformity with law, of extraordinary procedures of legal redress.

    • Listina základních práv a svobod
      Maa:
      Czechia

      Článek 40 (5) Nikdo nemůže být trestně stíhán za čin, pro který již byl pravomocně odsouzen nebo zproštěn obžaloby. Tato
      zásada nevylučuje uplatnění mimořádných opravných prostředků v souladu se zákonem.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia
      Maa:
      Slovenia

      Article 31 No one may be sentenced or punished twice for the same criminal offence for which criminal proceedings were dismissed finally, or for which the charge was finally rejected, or for which the person was acquitted or convicted by a final judgement. 

    • Ustava Republike Slovenije
      Maa:
      Slovenia

      31. člen Nihče ne sme biti ponovno obsojen ali kaznovan zaradi kaznivega dejanja, za katero je bil kazenski postopek zoper njega pravnomočno ustavljen, ali je bila obtožba zoper njega pravnomočno zavrnjena, ali je bil s pravnomočno sodbo oproščen ali obsojen.

    • Constitution of the Slovak Republic
      Maa:
      Slovakia

      Article 50 (...) (5) No one may be criminally prosecuted for an act for which he has already been sentenced, or of which he has already been acquitted. This principle does not rule out the application of extraordinary remedies in compliance with the law. (...)

    • Ústava Slovenskej republiky
      Maa:
      Slovakia

      Čl. 50 (...) (5) Nikoho nemožno trestne stíhať za čin, za ktorý bol už právoplatne odsúdený alebo oslobodený spod obžaloby. Táto zásada nevylučuje uplatnenie mimoriadnych opravných prostriedkov v súlade so zákonom.(...)

    • Constituição da República Portuguesa
      Maa:
      Portugal

      Artigo 29.º (Aplicação da lei criminal) 5. Ninguém pode ser julgado mais do que uma vez pela prática do mesmo crime.

    • Constitution of the Portuguese Republic
      Maa:
      Portugal

      Article 29 (Application of criminal law) (5) No one may be tried more than once for commission of the same crime.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania
      Maa:
      Lithuania

      Article 31. […] No one may be punished twice for the same offence.

    • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
      Maa:
      Lithuania

      31 straipsnis. [...] Niekas negali būti baudžiamas už tą patį nusikaltimą antrą kartą.

    • Unenumerated constitutional right identified by the Irish Courts
      Maa:
      Ireland

      In the case of The People (DPP) v Quilligan (No 2) [1989] IR 46, Judge Hency of the Supreme Court stated: 'This rule (or principle), which is sometimes referred to as the rule against
      double jeopardy, is but an aspect of the canon of fundamental fairness of legal procedures, inherent in our Constitution, which is expressed in the maxim nemo debet bis vexari pro eadem causa.'

    • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
      Maa:
      Hungary

      XXVIII. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) […] (6) A jogorvoslat törvényben meghatározott rendkívüli esetei kivételével senki nem vonható büntetőeljárás alá, és nem ítélhető el olyan bűncselekményért, amely miatt Magyarországon vagy – nemzetközi szerződés, illetve az Európai Unió jogi aktusa által meghatározott körben – más államban törvénynek megfelelően már jogerősen felmentették vagy elítélték.

    • The Fundamental Law of Hungary
      Maa:
      Hungary

      Article XXVIII (Freedom and Responsibility) […] (6) With the exception of extraordinary cases of legal remedy laid down in an Act, no one
      shall be prosecuted or convicted for a criminal offence for which he or she has already been
      finally acquitted or convicted in Hungary or, within the scope specified in an international treaty and a legal act of the European Union, in another State, as provided for by an Act.

    • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
      Maa:
      Germany

      Artikel 103 (3) No person may be punished for the same act more than once under the general criminal laws.

    • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
      Maa:
      Germany

      Artikel 103 (3) Niemand darf wegen derselben Tat auf Grund der allgemeinen Strafgesetze mehrmals bestraft werden.

    • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
      URL:
      Maa:
      Cyprus

      12(2). A person who has been acquitted or convicted of an offence shall not be tried again for the same offence. No person shall be punished twice for the same act or omission except where death ensues from such act or omission.

    • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
      URL:
      Maa:
      Cyprus

      12(2). Ο απαλλαγείς ή καταδικασθείς δεν δικάζεται εκ δευτέρου διά το αυτό αδίκημα. Ουδείς τιμωρείται εκ δευτέρου διά την αυτήν πράξιν ή παράλειψιν, εκτός εάν συνεπεία ταύτης προεκλήθη θάνατος.]

    • Constitution of the Republic of Croatia
      Maa:
      Croatia

      Article 31
      (2)No one may be re-tried nor penalized in criminal prosecution for an act for which such individual has already been acquitted or sentenced by a binding court judgment in accordance with law.
      (3)The cases and reasons for the renewal of court proceedings under paragraph (2) of this Article may be stipulated solely by law, in accordance with the Constitution and international treaties.

    • Ustav Republike Hrvatske
      Maa:
      Croatia

      Članak 31.
      (2)Nikome se ne može ponovno suditi niti ga se može kazniti u kaznenom postupku za kazneno djelo za koje je već pravomoćno oslobođen ili osuđen u skladu sa zakonom.

      (3)Samo se zakonom, u skladu s Ustavom i međunarodnim ugovorom, mogu propisati slučajevi i razlozi za obnovu postupka iz stavka 2. ovoga članka.

    • 7. Zusatzprotokoll zur Konvention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten
      Maa:
      Austria

      Artikel 4 (1) Niemand darf wegen einer strafbaren Handlung, wegen der er bereits nach dem Gesetz und dem Strafverfahrensrecht eines Staates rechtskräftig verurteilt oder freigesprochen worden ist, in einem Strafverfahren desselben Staates erneut vor Gericht gestellt oder bestraft werden.

    3 results found

    • Directive (EU) 2017/1371 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2017 on the fight against fraud to the Union's financial interests by means of criminal law

      Preamble:
      (21) Given the possibility of multiple jurisdictions for cross-border criminal offences falling under the scope of this Directive, the Member States should ensure that the principle of ne bis in idem is respected in full in the application of national law transposing this Directive
      ...
      (28) The intended dissuasive effect of the application of criminal law sanctions requires particular caution with regard to fundamental rights. This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the ‘Charter’) and in particular the right to liberty and security, the protection of personal data, the freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work, the freedom to conduct a business, the right to property, the right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial, the presumption of innocence and the right of defence, the principles of the legality and proportionality of criminal offences and sanctions, as well as the principle of ne bis in idem. This Directive seeks to ensure full respect for those rights and principles and must be implemented accordingly.

    • Directive 2014/41/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 regarding the European Investigation Order in criminal matters

      Preamble:
      (17) The principle of ne bis in idem is a fundamental principle of law in the Union, as recognised by the Charter and developed by the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Therefore the executing authority should be entitled to refuse the execution of an EIO if its execution would be contrary to that principle. Given the preliminary nature of the proceedings underlying an EIO, its execution should not be subject to refusal where it is aimed to establish whether a possible conflict with the ne bis in idem principle exists, or where the issuing authority has provided assurances that the evidence transferred as a result of the execution of the EIO would not be used to prosecute or impose a sanction on a person whose case has been finally disposed of in another Member State for the same facts.
      ...
      Article 11. Grounds for non-recognition or non-execution:
      1. Without prejudice to Article 1(4), recognition or execution of an EIO may be refused in the executing State where: ...
      (d) the execution of the EIO would be contrary to the principle of ne bis in idem

    • Directive 2014/57/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on criminal sanctions for market abuse (market abuse directive)

      Preamble:
      (23) The scope of this Directive is determined in such a way as to complement, and ensure the effective implementation of, Regulation (EU) No 596/2014. Whereas offences should be punishable under this Directive when committed intentionally and at least in serious cases, sanctions for breaches of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 do not require that intent is proven or that they are qualified as serious. In the application of national law transposing this Directive, Member States should ensure that the imposition of criminal sanctions for offences in accordance with this Directive and of administrative sanctions in accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 does not lead to a breach of the principle of ne bis in idem.

    0 results found